Monograptina

Specimen of Pristiograptus, copyright P. Skupien.

Belongs within: Bireclinata.
Contains: Cyrtograptinae, Linograptinae, Monograptus, Saetograptus.

The Monograptina are a group of graptolites known from the Lower Silurian to the Lower Devonian, characterised by the production of a uniserial rhabdosome with thecae along one side only of the central stipe (Bulman 1970).

Characters (from Bulman 1970): Scandent, uniserial; development monograptid, with sinus method of pore formation and initially upward direction of growth of th1.

Monograptina
    |--Cyrtograptidae BR70
    |    |--Cyrtograptinae BR70
    |    `--Linograptinae BR70
    `--Monograptidae BR70
         |  i. s.: Falcatograptus Hundt 1965 (n. d.) BR70
         |         Mystiograptus Hundt 1965 (n. d.) BR70
         |         Nodosograptus Hundt 1951 (n. d.) BR70
         |         Paragraptus Hundt 1965 (n. d.) BR70
         |--Monograptus BR70
         |--Pseudomonoclimacis Mikhailova 1975 ZL97
         |    `--P. dalejensis (Bouček 1936) [=Monograptus dalejensis; incl. M. haupti Kühne 1955] ZL97
         |--Cucullograptus Urbanek 1954 BR70
         |    |  i. s.: C. aversus (Eisenack 1942) [=Monograptus aversus] ZL97
         |    |           |--C. a. aversus B70
         |    |           `--C. a. rostratus B70
         |    |--*C. (Cucullograptus) pazdroi Urbanek 1954 BR70
         |    `--C. (Lobograptus Urbanek 1958) BR70
         |         |--C. (*L.) scanicus (Tullberg 1883) BR70, ZL97 [=Monograptus scanicus BR70]
         |         |    |--C. s. scanicus B70
         |         |    `--C. s. amphirostris B70
         |         |--‘Lobograptus’ expectatus ZL97
         |         |--C. (L.) parascanicus B70, ZL97 [=Cucullograptus scanicus parascanicus B70]
         |         |--C. (L.) progenitor (Urbanek 1966) [=Lobograptus progenitor] ZL97
         |         `--C. (L.) simplex [=Cucullograptus (Lobograptus) simplex] B70
         |--Monoclimacis Frech 1897 BR70
         |    |--*M. vomerina (Nicholson 1872) [=Graptolithus vomerinus] BR70
         |    |--M. crenulata B70
         |    |--M. griestoniensis B70
         |    `--M. micropoma BR70
         |--Rastrites Barrande 1850 BR70 (see below for synonymy)
         |    |--*R. peregrinus Barrande 1850 BR70 [=*Rastrograptus peregrinus B70]
         |    |--R. longispinus B70
         |    |--R. maximus B70
         |    |--‘*Stavrites’ rossicus Obut & Sobolevskaya 1968 BR70
         |    `--‘*Corymbites’ sigmoidalis Obut & Sobolevskaya 1967 BR70
         |--Pristiograptus Jaekel 1889 [incl. Bohemograptus Příbyl 1967] BR70
         |    |--*P. frequens Jaekel 1889 BR70
         |    |--P. bohemicus (Barrande 1850) BR70, B70 (see below for synonymy)
         |    |    |--P. b. bohemicus ZL97
         |    |    |--‘Bohemograptus’ b. garratti ZL97
         |    |    `--‘Bohemograptus’ b. tenuis (Bouček 1936) [=Monograptus bohemicus tenuis] ZL97
         |    |--P. dubius ZL97
         |    |--P. fecundus B70
         |    |--P. nudus M79
         |    |--‘Bohemograptus’ praecornutus ZL97
         |    |--P. regularis ZL97
         |    |--P. transgrediens B70
         |    |--P. tumescens ZL97
         |    `--P. ultimus B70
         |--Neomonograptus Mu & Ni 1975 NJ83
         |    |  i. s.: N. shidianensis Ni & Jiao 1983 NJ83
         |    |--N. falcarius NJ83
         |    |--N. hercynicus NJ83
         |    `--+--N. fanicus NJ83
         |       `--+--N. atopus NJ83
         |          |    |--N. a. atopus NJ83
         |          |    `--N. a. rigidus NJ83
         |          `--N. himalayensis NJ83
         |--Saetograptus BR70
         |--Metamonograptus Wang 1977 NJ83
         |    |  i. s.: M. arcuatus Ni & Jiao 1983 NJ83
         |    |         M. craigensis [=Monograptus craigensis] NJ83
         |    |         M. facetus Ni & Jiao 1983 NJ83
         |    |         M. giganteus Ni & Jiao 1983 NJ83
         |    |--M. birchensis [=Monograptus birchensis] NJ83
         |    `--+--M. praehercynicus NJ83
         |       `--+--M. hemiodon NJ83
         |          `--+--M. qinzhouensis [=Monograptus qinzhouensis] NJ83
         |             `--M. telleri NJ83
         `--Pernerograptus Přibyl 1941 NJ83
              |  i. s.: P. neotericus Ni & Jiao 1983 NJ83
              |         P. supernus Ni & Jiao 1983 NJ83
              |--*P. argenteus (Nicholson 1867) BR70 [=Graptolithus argenteus BR70, Monograptus argenteus NJ83, BR70]
              `--+--‘Monograptus’ ramstalensis NJ83
                 `--P. urbanus Ni & Jiao 1983 NJ83

Pristiograptus bohemicus (Barrande 1850) BR70, B70 [=Graptolithus bohemicus ZL97, *Bohemograptus bohemicus B70, Monograptus bohemicus ZL97]

Rastrites Barrande 1850 BR70 [=Rastrograptus Hopkinson & Lapworth 1875 B70; incl. Corymbites Obut & Sobolevskaya 1967 BR70, Stavrites Obut & Sobolevskaya 1968 BR70]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B70] Bulman, O. M. B. 1970. Graptolithina with sections on Enteropneusta and Pterobranchia. In: Teichert, C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt V 2^nd ed. pp. V1–V149. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and the University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).

[BR70] Bulman, O. M. B., & R. B. Rickards. 1970. Classification of the graptolite family Monograptidae Lapworth, 1873. In: Teichert, C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt V 2^nd ed. pp. V149–V157. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and the University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).

[M79] Müller, A. H. 1979. Fossilization (taphonomy). In: Robison, R. A., & C. Teichert (eds) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt A. Introduction. Fossilisation (Taphonomy), Biogeography and Biostratigraphy pp. A2–A78. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).

[NJ83] Ni Y.-N. & Jiao S.-D. 1983. Lower Devonian graptolites from Yunnan. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 22 (3): 295–307.

[ZL97] Zhang Y. & A. C. Lenz. 1997. Uppermost Wenlock and Ludlow graptolites from southern Yunnan, China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 34: 1220–1238.