Drepanellacea

Left valve of Kirkbyella delicata, from Hoare & Merrill (2004).

Belongs within: Ostracoda.

The Drepanellacea are a group of non-dimorphic ostracods known from the Ordovician to the Permian (Whatley et al. 1993). Members of the group vary greatly in development of nodes and features of the marginal rim but are united by the existence of intermediate forms (Benson et al. 1961).

Characters (from Benson et al. 1961): Carapace subquadrate to subrectangular, with or without marginal rim; surface smooth, pitted, or reticulate; one or more nodes present, sometimes terminated by spines; nodes rarely lobate; S₂ poorly to well defined; hingement by tongue and groove; dimorphism unknown.

<==Drepanellacea [Aechminacea, Binodicopa] BB61
    |  i. s.: Saffordellina Bassler & Kellett 1934 [=Saffordella Ulrich & Bassler 1923 non Dunbar 1920] BB61
    |           `--*S. muralis (Ulrich & Bassler 1923) [=*Saffordella muralis] BB61
    |--Spinigeritidae WSB93
    |    |--Susus sus Schallreuter 1991 WSB93
    |    `--Eocytherella Bonnema 1933 WSB93, BB61
    |         |--E. nioni Vannier 1986 WSB93
    |         |--E. smithi (Jones 1887) [=Cytherella smithi] BB61
    |         `--E. troedssoni (Bonnema 1933) [=Cytherella troedssoni, Primitia tenera Troedsson 1918 (preoc.)] BB61
    |--Kirkbyellidae BB61
    |    |--Psilokirkbyella prominens Becker & Wang 1992 WSB93
    |    `--Kirkbyella Coryell & Booth 1933 HM04
    |         |--*K. (Kirkbyella) typa Coryell & Booth 1933 BB61
    |         `--K. (Berdanella Sohn 1961) HM04
    |              |--K. (B.) delicata Hoare & Merrill 2004 HM04
    |              |--K. (B.) gutkei (Croneis & Bristol 1939) HM04
    |              `--K. (B.) quadrata (Croneis & Gutke 1939) HM04
    |--Richinidae [Circulinidae] BB61
    |    |--Rivillina schallreuteri Vannier 1983 WSB93
    |    |--Crescentilla Barrande 1872 BB61
    |    |    `--*C. pugnax Barrande 1872 BB61
    |    |--Pseudulrichia Schmidt 1941 BB61
    |    |    |--*P. bivertex (Ulrich 1879) [=Leperditia bivertex] BB61
    |    |    `--P. simplex BB61
    |    |--Richina Coryell & Malkin 1936 BB61
    |    |    |--*R. truncata Coryell & Malkin 1936 BB61
    |    |    |--R. selenicristata Stover 1956 WSB93
    |    |    `--R. zygalis BB61
    |    `--Parulrichia Schmidt 1941 BB61
    |         `--*P. diversa (Jones & Holl 1886) [=Primitia diversa] BB61
    |              |--P. d. diversa BB61
    |              `--P. d. antiqua BB61
    |--Aechminellidae BB61
    |    |--Aechminella Harlton 1933 [incl. Balantoides Morey 1935, Boursella Turner 1939] BB61
    |    |    `--*A. trispinosa Harlton 1933 BB61
    |    |--Bicornella Coryell & Cuskley 1934 BB61
    |    |    `--*B. tricornis Coryell & Cuskley 1934 BB61
    |    |--Cornigerella Warthin 1930 BB61
    |    |    `--‘Beyrichia’ tuberculospinosa Jones & Kirkby 1886 [incl. *Cornigerella minuta Warthin 1930] BB61
    |    |--Evlanovia Egorov 1950 BB61
    |    |    `--*E. tichonovitchi Egorov 1950 BB61
    |    |--Mauryella Ulrich & Bassler 1923 [incl. Verrucolsella Neave 1950, Verrucosella Croneis & Gale 1938] BB61
    |    |    `--*M. mammilata Ulrich & Bassler 1923 BB61
    |    |--Milanovskya Egorov 1950 BB61
    |    |    `--*M. bicornis Egorov 1950 BB61
    |    `--Beyrichiana Kellett 1933 BB61
    |         `--*B. permiana Kellett 1933 BB61
    |--Aechminidae [Aechmininae] BB61
    |    |--Lindsayella Coryell & Williamson 1936 BB61
    |    |    `--*L. rugosa Coryell & Williamson 1936 BB61
    |    |--Sigynus Kesling 1953 BB61
    |    |    `--*S. dictyotus Kesling 1953 BB61
    |    |--Waldronites Coryell & Williamson 1942 [=Cornulina Coryell & Williamson 1936 non Conrad 1853] BB61
    |    |    `--*W. bispinosa (Coryell & Williamson 1936) [=*Cornulina bispinosa] BB61
    |    |--Mammoides Bradfield 1935 WSB93, BB61
    |    |    `--*M. mammilata Bradfield 1935 BB61, WSB93 [=Beyrichiana mammilata BB61]
    |    |--Aechmina Jones & Holl 1869 BB61
    |    |    |--*A. cuspidata Jones & Holl 1869 BB61
    |    |    |--A. bovina Jones 1887 [incl. A. bovina var. punctata Krause 1892] C01
    |    |    `--A. ventadorni Vannier 1986 WSB93
    |    |--Aechminaria Coryell & Williamson 1936 BB61
    |    |    |--*A. nodosa Coryell & Williamson 1936 BB61
    |    |    `--A. robusta BB61
    |    `--Paraechmina Ulrich & Bassler 1923 BB61
    |         |--*P. spinosa (Hall 1852) [=Cytherina spinosa, Beyrichia spinosa] BB61
    |         `--P. postica BB61
    |--Drepanellidae [Depranellidae, Drepanellinae, Neodrepanellinae] BB61
    |    |--Pilla sinensis (Hou 1953) WSB93
    |    |--Duplexibollia duplex (Kraus 1892) WSB93
    |    |--Drepanella Ulrich 1890 [=Depranella Ulrich 1890] BB61
    |    |    `--*D. crassinoda Ulrich 1890 BB61
    |    |--Acantonodella Zaspelova 1952 [incl. Acanthodella Howe 1955] BB61
    |    |    `--*A. terciocornuta Zaspelova 1952 BB61
    |    |--Kinnekullea Henningsmoen 1948 BB61
    |    |    `--*K. waerni Henningsmoen 1948 BB61
    |    |--Neodrepanella Zaspelova 1952 [incl. Tetracornella Zaspelova 1952] BB61
    |    |    `--*N. tricornis (Batalina 1941) [=Drepanella tricornis] BB61
    |    |--Scofieldia Ulrich & Bassler 1908 BB61
    |    |    `--*S. bilateralis (Ulrich 1894) [=Drepanella bilateralis] BB61
    |    |--Planusella Ivanova 1959 LH61
    |    |    `--*P. bicornis Ivanova 1959 LH61
    |    |--Pseudonodella Zaspelova 1952 M61, BB61
    |    |    `--*P. plana Zaspelova 1952 BB61
    |    `--Pseudonodellina Polenova 1955 M61, BB61
    |         |--*P. parvula (Polenova 1953) [=Nodella parvula] BB61
    |         |--P. rotundata BB61
    |         `--P. strelniensis BB61
    |--Bolliidae [Bolliinae, Ulrichiinae] BB61
    |    |--Klimphores kuemperi Schallreuter 1992 WSB93
    |    |--Neoulrichia pulchra Kozur 1983 WSB93
    |    |--Bichilina Sarv 1959 BB61
    |    |    `--*B. prima Sarv 1959 BB61
    |    |--Jonesites Coryell 1930 [=Placentula Jones & Holl 1886 non Lamarck 1822; incl. Placentella Wilson 1935] BB61
    |    |    `--*J. excavata (Jones & Holl 1869) [=Primitia excavata, *Placentula excavata] BB61
    |    |--Maratia Kay 1940 BB61
    |    |    `--*M. mara Kay 1940 BB61
    |    |--Tetrastorthynx Kesling 1953 BB61
    |    |    `--*T. diabolicus Kesling 1953 BB61
    |    |--Tmemolophus Kesling 1953 BB61
    |    |    `--*T. margarotus Kesling 1953 BB61
    |    |--Jonesella Ulrich 1890 M61, BB61 [incl. Melanella Wade 1911 non Bowdich 1822 BB61, Vogdesella Baker 1924 BB61]
    |    |      `--*J. crepidiformis (Ulrich 1879) [=Leperditia crepidiformis] BB61
    |    |--Kayatia Öpik 1953 M61, BB61
    |    |    `--*K. prima Öpik 1953 BB61
    |    |--Signetopsis Henningsmoen 1954 M61, BB61
    |    |    `--*S. quadrilobata Henningsmoen 1954 BB61
    |    |--Parajonesites Ivanova 1955 (n. d.) M61, BB61
    |    |    `--*P. notabilis Ivanova 1955 BB61
    |    |--Parenthatia Kay 1940 BB61
    |    |    |--*P. punctata (Ulrich 1894) [=Moorea punctata] BB61
    |    |    `--P. camerata BB61
    |    |--Ulrichia Jones 1890 [incl. Limbatula Zaspelova 1952, Warthinia Spivey 1939] BB61
    |    |    |--*U. conradi Jones 1890 BB61
    |    |    `--U. nodosa [=*Warthinia nodosa] BB61
    |    |--Xystinotus Kesling 1953 BB61
    |    |    |--*X. wrighrotum Kesling 1953 BB61
    |    |    `--X. subnodatus BB61
    |    `--Bollia Jones & Holl 1886 BB61
    |         |--*B. uniflexa Jones & Holl 1886 BB61
    |         |--B. auricularis Jones 1887 C01
    |         |--B. subaequata BB61
    |         `--B. ungula BB61
    `--Quadrijugatoridae [Ceratopsinae, Quadrijugatidae] WSB93
         |--Harpabollia harparum (Troedsson 1918) WSB93
         |--Hesslandella Henningsmoen 1953 BB61 BB61
         |    `--*H. macroreticulata (Hessland 1949) [=Ctenentoma macroreticulata] BB61
         |--Protallinnella Jaanusson 1957 BB61
         |    `--*P. grewingki (Bock 1867) [=Beyrichia grewingki] BB61
         |--Pseudorakverella Sarv 1959 BB61
         |    `--*P. optata Sarv 1959 BB61
         |--Rigidella Öpik 1937 BB61
         |    `--*R. mitis (Öpik 1935) [=Steusloffia mitis] BB61
         |--Tallinnopsis Sarv 1959 BB61
         |    `--*T. calkeri (Bonnema 1909) [=Tetradella calkeri] BB61
         |--Tetrada Neckaja 1958 BB61
         |    `--*T. memorabilis (Neckaja 1953) [=Tetradella memorabilis] BB61
         |--Zygobolboides Spivey 1939 BB61
         |    `--*Z. grafensis Spivey 1939 BB61
         |--Ivaria Neckaja 1960 M61 [=Glossopsis Neckaja 1953 nec Bush 1904 nec Hessland 1949 BB61]
         |    `--*I. robusta (Hessland 1949) [=*Glossopsis robusta] M61
         |--Piretopsis Henningsmoen 1953 M61, BB61
         |    `--*P. donsi Henningsmoen 1953 BB61
         |--Quadrijugator Kesling & Hussey 1953 BB61
         |    |--*Q. permarginatus (Foerste 1917) [=Bollia permarginata] BB61
         |    `--Q. marcoi Vannier 1986 WSB93
         |--Tallinnella Öpik 1937 BB61
         |    |--*T. dimorpha Öpik 1937 BB61
         |    `--T. marchica (Krause 1889) TM02
         |--Ceratopsis Ulrich 1894 (see below for synonymy) BB61
         |    |--*C. chambersi (Miller 1875) [=Beyrichia chambersi] BB61
         |    `--C. oculifera BB61
         |--Kiesowia Ulrich & Bassler 1908 BB61
         |    |--*K. dissecta (Krause 1892) [=Beyrichia dissecta] BB61
         |    `--K. radians BB61
         |--Quadrilobella Ivanova 1955 [incl. Tetradellina Harris 1957] BB61
         |    |--*Q. recta Ivanova 1955 BB61
         |    `--Q. arpilobata BB61
         `--Ullerella Henningsmoen 1950 M61, BB61 [=Ullia Henningsmoen 1949 non Roewer 1943 BB61]
              |--*U. ulli (Dons 1949) [=*Ullia ulli] BB61
              `--U. ventroplicata BB61

Ceratopsis Ulrich 1894 [incl. Ceratella Ulrich 1890 (n. n.) nec Hook. f. 1844 (ICBN) nec Gray 1869 nec Pat. 1887 (ICBN) nec (Quél.) Bigeard & Guill. 1913 (ICBN)] BB61

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BB61] Benson, R. H., J. M. Berdan, W. A. van den Bold, T. Hanai, I. Hessland, H. V. Howe, R. V. Kesling, S. A. Levinson, R. A. Reyment, R. C. Moore, H. W. Scott, R. H. Shaver, I. G. Sohn, L. E. Stover, F. M. Swain & P. C. Sylvester-Bradley. 1961. Systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt Q. Arthropoda 3: Crustacea: Ostracoda pp. Q99–Q421. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press.

[C01] Chapman, F. 1901. On some fossils of Wenlock age from Mulde, near Klinteberg, Gotland; with notes by Prof. T. Rupert Jones and Dr. F. A. Bather. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 7: 141–160, pl. 3.

[HM04] Hoare, R. D., & G. K. Merrill. 2004. A Pennsylvanian (Morrowan) ostracode fauna from Texas. Journal of Paleontology 78 (1): 185–204.

[LH61] Levinson, S. A., & H. V. Howe. 1961. Addendum. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt Q. Arthropoda 3: Crustacea: Ostracoda pp. Q421–Q422. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press.

[M61] Moore, R. C. 1961. Supplement—USSR treatise on Ostracoda. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt Q. Arthropoda 3: Crustacea: Ostracoda pp. Q422–Q429. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press.

[TM02] Tinn, O., & T. Meidla. 2002. An enigmatic early ?palaeocope ostracode from the Arenig of NW Russia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 47: 685–690.

[WSB93] Whatley, R. C., D. J. Siveter & I. D. Boomer. 1993. Arthropoda (Crustacea: Ostracoda). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 343–356. Chapman & Hall: London.