Poronoticae

Dorsal (left) and ventral views of Unduloribates hebes, from Norton & Behan-Pelletier (2009).

Belongs within: Brachypylina.
Contains: Oribatellidae, Anachipteria, Achipteria, Campachipteria, Tegoribatidae, Heterobelbidae, Tectocepheidae, Microtegeidae, Oripodoidea, Licneremaeoidea, Scapheremaeus, Eremaeozetoidea, Ameronothroidea, Galumnoidea, Ceratozetoidea, Phenopelopidae.

The Poronoticae are a group of oribatid mites possessing an octotaxic system, a series of glandular openings (most typically four pairs) on the notogaster in the form of porose areas or saccules. Monophyly of the group is uncertain; a number of taxa lacking the octotaxic system are otherwise similar in morphology to clearly poronotic species and it is probable that the octotaxic system has evolved more than once and/or been lost in some subgroups.

Members of the Poronoticae include the Achipterioidea, known from soil, litter, mosses and liverworts. Members of the Achipteriidae have characteristic spiral internal thickenings in the bothridium and a distinct long, thin, dorsally concave genu in leg IV (Norton & Behan-Pelletier 2009). The Epactozetidae are a Neotropical family with large, auriculate pteromorphs and foveate patterning on the notogaster (Norton & Behan-Pelletier 2009).

Poronoticae B65
    |  i. s.: Oribatellidae B65
    |--Achipterioidea PL17
    |    |--Epactozetidae NB-P09
    |    |    |--Epactozetes Grandjean 1930 S04
    |    |    |    |--*E. imitator Grandjean 1930 S04
    |    |    |    `--E. setosus Balogh & Mahunka 1969 S04
    |    |    `--Truncozetes Balogh & Mahunka 1969 S04
    |    |         |--*T. mucronatus Balogh & Mahunka 1969 S04
    |    |         |--T. rugosus Mahunka 1998 S04
    |    |         `--T. sturmi Balogh 1984 S04
    |    |--Achipteriidae S04
    |    |    |  i. s.: Hoffmanacarus Mahunka 1995 S04
    |    |    |           `--*H. virginianus Mahunka 1995 S04
    |    |    |         Cubachipteria Balogh & Mahunka 1979 S04
    |    |    |           |--*C. remota (Balogh & Mahunka 1979) [=Achipteria (*Cubachipteria) remota] S04
    |    |    |           `--C. bispina (Calugar 1990) [=Achipteria (Cubachipteria) bispina] S04
    |    |    |         Dentachipteria Nevin 1974 S04
    |    |    |           |--*D. ringwoodensis Newin 1974 S04
    |    |    |           `--D. highlandensis Nevin 1974 S04
    |    |    |         Novoribatella Engelbrecht 1986 NB-P09, S04
    |    |    |           |--*N. transcripta (Mahunka 1985) [=Tectoribates transcriptus] S04
    |    |    |           |--N. minutisetarum Engelbrecht 1986 S04
    |    |    |           `--N. pentasetarum Engelbrecht 1986 S04
    |    |    |         Tectoribates Berlese 1910 NB-P09, S04 [incl. Anoribatella Kunst 1962 S04]
    |    |    |           |--*T. proximus (Berlese 1910) (see below for synonymy) S04
    |    |    |           |--T. africanus Balogh 1959 S04
    |    |    |           |--T. deserticola (Balogh & Mahunka 1965) [=Anoribatella deserticola] S04
    |    |    |           |--T. mongolicus Bayartogtokh 1997 S04
    |    |    |           |--T. ornatus (Schuster 1958) S04 [=Anachipteria ornata S04, *Anoribatella ornata B65]
    |    |    |           `--T. parvus Sellnick 1931 S93
    |    |    |         Cerachipteria Grandjean 1935 [incl. Zygachipteria Mihelčič 1956] S04
    |    |    |           |--*C. digita Grandjean 1935 S04
    |    |    |           |    |--C. d. digita S04
    |    |    |           |    |--C. d. jugata Mihelčič 1956 [=C. (Zygachipteria) jugata] S04
    |    |    |           |    `--C. d. pyrenaica Pérez-Íñigo 1991 [incl. C. fusiger Mihelčič 1957 (n. d.)] S04
    |    |    |           |--C. franzi Willmann 1953 S04
    |    |    |           `--C. minuscula (Berlese 1902) [=Oribata minuscula] S04
    |    |    |         Parachipteria Hammen 1952 [incl. Pseudachipteria Travé 1960] S04
    |    |    |           |--*P. punctata (Nicolet 1855) [=Oribata punctata] S04
    |    |    |           |--P. agenjoi (Pérez-Íñigo 1976) [=Pseudachipteria agenjoi] S04
    |    |    |           |--P. floresiana (Pérez-Íñigo 1992) [=Pseudachipteria floresiana] S04
    |    |    |           |--P. insularis (Pérez-Íñigo 1992) [=Pseudachipteria insularis] S04
    |    |    |           |--P. magna (Sellnick 1928) S04 [=Notaspis magna S04, *Pseudachipteria magna BB92]
    |    |    |           |--P. nicoleti (Berlese 1883) S07
    |    |    |           `--P. ovalis (Koch 1835) (n. d.) [=Oribata ovalis] S04
    |    |    |--Anachipteria PL17
    |    |    `--+--Achipteria PL17
    |    |       `--Campachipteria PL17
    |    `--Tegoribatidae B-P01
    `--+--Heterobelbidae PL17
       `--+--+--Tectocepheidae PL17
          |  `--+--Microtegeidae PL17
          |     `--Oripodoidea PL17
          `--+--+--Licneremaeoidea SK10
             |  |--Scapheremaeus SK10
             |  |--Eremaeozetoidea ME09
             |  `--Ameronothroidea SK10
             `--+--Galumnoidea SK10
                `--+--Podacarus Grandjean 1955 SK10, S04 [Podacaridae]
                   |    `--*P. auberti Grandjean 1955 S04
                   |         |--P. a. auberti S04
                   |         `--P. a. occidentalis Wallwork 1966 S04
                   `--+--Ceratozetoidea PL17
                      `--Phenopelopoidea [Pelopoidea] NB-P09
                           |  i. s.: Plakoribates Popp 1960 NB-P09, S04
                           |           |--*P. multicuspidatus Popp 1960 S04
                           |           |--P. confluens Balogh 1970 S04
                           |           |--P. neotropicus Balogh & Mahunka 1978 S04
                           |           `--P. scutatus Hammer 1979 S04
                           |--Phenopelopidae PL17
                           `--Unduloribatidae [Unduloribatoidea] NB-P09
                                |--Koreoribates Choi 1994 S04
                                |    `--*K. foliatus Choi 1994 S04
                                `--Unduloribates Balogh 1943 S04
                                     |--*U. undulatus (Berlese 1914) [=Sphaerozetes (Tectoribates) undulatus] S04
                                     |--U. brevisetosus Nübel-Reidelbach & Woas 1992 S04
                                     |--U. hebes Aoki 1965 S04
                                     |--U. medusa Piffl 1972 S04
                                     `--U. parvus NB-P09

*Tectoribates proximus (Berlese 1910) [=Sphaerozetes (*Tectoribates) proximus; incl. T. punctatus Sellnick 1943] S04

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B65] Balogh, J. 1965. A synopsis of the world oribatid (Acari) genera. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 11 (1–2): 5–99.

[BB92] Balogh, J., & P. Balogh. 1992. The Oribatid Mites Genera of the World vol. 1. Hungarian Natural History Museum: Budapest.

[B-P01] Behan-Pelletier, V. M. 2001. Phylogenetic relationships of Hypozetes (Acari: Tegoribatidae). In: Halliday, R. B., D. E. Walter, H. C. Proctor, R. A. Norton & M. J. Colloff (eds) Acarology: Proceedings of the 10^th International Congress pp. 50–57. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.

[ME09] Maraun, M., G. Erdmann, G. Schulz, R. A. Norton, S. Scheu & K. Domes. 2009. Multiple convergent evolution of arboreal life in oribatid mites indicates the primacy of ecology. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B—Biological Sciences 276: 3219–3227.

[NB-P09] Norton, R. A., & V. M. Behan-Pelletier. 2009. Suborder Oribatida. In: Krantz, G. W., & D. E. Walter (eds) A Manual of Acarology 3^rd ed. pp. 430–564. Texas Tech University Press.

[PL17] Pachl, P., A. C. Lindl, A. Krause, S. Scheu, I. Schaefer & M. Maraun. 2017. The tropics as an ancient cradle of oribatid mite diversity. Acarologia 57 (2): 309–322.

[SK10] Schäffer, S., S. Koblmüller, T. Pfingstl, C. Sturmbauer & G. Krisper. 2010. Ancestral state reconstruction reveals multiple independent evolution of diagnostic morphological characters in the "Higher Oribatida" (Acari), conflicting with current classification. BMC Evolutionary Biology 10: 246.

[S07] Schatz, H. 2007. Biogeography of oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) from the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica and Panama. In: Morales-Malacara, J. B., V. M. Behan-Pelletier, E. Ueckermann, T. M. Pérez, E. G. Estrada-Venegas & M. Badii (eds) Acarology XI: Proceedings of the International Congress pp. 151–167. Instituto de Biología and Faculdad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sociedad Latinoamericana de Acarología: México.

[S93] Selden, P. A. 1993. Arthropoda (Aglaspidida, Pycnogonida and Chelicerata). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 297–320. Chapman & Hall: London.

[S04] Subías, L. S. 2004. Listado sistemático, sinonímico y biogeográfico de los ácaros oribátidos (Acariformes, Oribatida) del mundo (1758–2002). Graellsia 60 (número extraordinario): 3–305.