Brachycephalidae

Steindachner's robber frog Ischnocnema guentheri, copyright Mario Sacramento.

Belongs within: Hyloidea.

The Brachycephalidae are a group of small, leaf-litter dwelling frogs found in southern Brazil (Frost et al. 2006).

Characters (from Frost et al. 2006): Distinguishable sternum absent through fusion; epicoracoid cartilages completely ossified with coracoids and clavicles; digits reduced; axillary amplexus; direct development with very large terrestrial eggs.

Brachycephalidae [Brachycephalina] FG06
    |  i. s.: ‘Eleutherodactylus’ juipoca FG06
    |--Phyllonastes Heyer 1977 FG06
    |--Cornufer Tschudi 1838 [Cornuferinae] FG06
    |--Brachycephalus Fitzinger 1826 FG06
    |    `--B. ephippium FG06
    `--Ischnocnema Reinhardt & Lütken 1862 PW11, FG06
         |  i. s.: I. sanderi Padial, Reichle & De la Riva 2005 PRDR05
         |         I. quixensis FG06
         |--+--I. holti PW11
         |  `--I. juipoca PW11
         `--+--I. parva PW11
            `--+--I. guentheri PW11
               `--I. hoehnei PW11

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[FG06] Frost, D. R., T. Grant, J. Faivovich, R. H. Bain, A. Haas, C. F. B. Haddad, R. O. de Sá, A. Channing, M. Wilkinson, S. C. Donnellan, C. J. Raxworthy, J. A. Campbell, B. L. Blotto, P. Moler, R. C. Drewes, R. A. Nussbaum, J. D. Lynch, D. M. Green & W. C. Wheeler. 2006. The amphibian tree of life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 297: 1–370.

[PRDR05] Padial, J. M., S. Reichle & I. De la Riva. 2005. Ischnocnema sanderi Padial, Reichle & De la Riva, 2005 (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae): a nomenclatural note. Graellsia 61 (1): 143.

[PW11] Pyron, R. A., & J. J. Wiens. 2011. A large-scale phylogeny of Amphibia including over 2800 species, and a revised classification of extant frogs, salamanders, and caecilians. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 61: 543–583.