Pandalidae

Narval shrimp Plesionika narval, from HCMR.

Belongs within: Caridea.

The Pandalidae are a cosmopolitan family of shrimp found primarily in colder waters (including deep waters in tropical regions).

Characters (from Chace 1985): Rostrum well-developed, laterally compressed, variable; antennular flagella simple, without accessory branches; mandible with palp and with incisor and molar processes deeply separate; first maxilliped with flagellum on exopod; second maxilliped normal, two distal segments not arising side by side from penultimate segment; first pereopod simple or microscopically chelate; second pereopod chelate, carpus subdivided into two or more articles; first male pleopod with endopod normal, not unusually enlarged or elaborately convoluted.

<==Pandalidae
    |--Dichelopandalus Caullery 1896 B04
    |    `--D. leptocerus K-M02
    |--Chlorocurtis Kemp 1925 C85
    |--Pandalina C85
    |    |--P. brevirostris (Rathke 1843) KK03
    |    `--P. profunda Holthuis 1946 KK03
    |--Austropandalus C85
    |--Procletes levicarina (Bate 1888) MG-H11
    |--Dorodotes Bate 1888 [Dorodoteidae] C85
    |    `--*D. reflexus Bate 1888 C85
    |--Heterocarpoides De Man 1917 [Heterocarpoididae] C85
    |    `--*H. levicarina (Bate 1888) (see below for synonymy) C85
    |--Stylopandalus Coutière 1905 C85
    |    `--*S. richardi (Coutière 1905) (see below for synonymy) C85
    |--Chlorotocella Balss 1914 C85
    |    |--*C. gracilis Balss 1914 C85
    |    `--C. spinicaudus (Milne Edwards 1837) MG-H11
    |--Chlorotocus Milne Edwards 1882 C85
    |    |--C. crassicornis (Costa 1871) (see below for synonymy) C85
    |    `--C. novaezeelandiae (Borradaile 1916) C85
    |--Pandalus Leach 1814 B04
    |    |--P. borealis MF02
    |    |--P. brevis Rathbun 1906 C85
    |    |--P. jordani B78
    |    `--P. montagui AMI02
    |--Heterocarpus Milne Edwards 1881 [Heterocarpidae] C85
    |    |--*H. ensifer Milne Edwards 1881 C85
    |    |    |--H. e. ensifer C85
    |    |    `--H. e. parvispina De Man 1917 C85
    |    |--H. affinis Faxon 1893 C85
    |    |--H. alexandri Milne Edwards 1883 C85
    |    |--H. dorsalis Bate 1888 [incl. H. affinis Borradaile 1915 non Faxon 1893, H. alphonsi Bate 1888] C85
    |    |--H. gibbosus Bate 1888 C85
    |    |--H. grimaldii Milne Edwards & Bouvier 1900 C85
    |    |--H. hayashii Crosnier 1988 MG-H11
    |    |--H. hostilis Faxon 1893 C85
    |    |--H. laevigatus Bate 1888 C85
    |    |--H. laevis Milne Edwards 1883 C85
    |    |--H. lepidus De Man 1917 C85
    |    |--H. longirostris MacGilchrist 1905 C85
    |    |--H. oryx Milne Edwards 1881 C85
    |    |--H. reedi Bahamonde 1955 C85
    |    |--H. sibogae De Man 1917 C85
    |    |--H. signatus Rathbun 1906 C85
    |    |--H. tricarinatus Alcock & Anderson 1894 C85
    |    |--H. unicarinatus Borradaile 1915 C85
    |    |--H. vicarius Faxon 1893 C85
    |    `--H. woodmasoni Alcock 1901 C85
    |--Notopandalus Yaldwyn 1960 B04
    `--Plesionika Bate 1888 [incl. Nothocaris Bate 1888, Parapandalus Borradaile 1899; Plesionikidae] C85
         |--P. ensis (Milne Edwards 1881) [=Acanthephyra ensis; incl. *P. uniproducta Bate 1888] C85
         |--P. acanthonotus (Smith 1882) [=Pandalus acanthonotus] C85
         |--P. acinacifer Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. adensameri (Balss 1914) C85
         |--P. alcocki (Anderson 1896) [=Pandalus alcocki] C85
         |--P. antigai Zariquiey 1955 C85
         |--P. assimilis De Man 1917 C85
         |--P. beebei Chace 1937 C85
         |--P. bifurca Alcock & Anderson 1894 [=Pandalus bifurca] C85
         |--P. binoculus (Bate 1888) [=Nothocaris binoculus] C85
         |--P. brevirostris Bate 1888 C85
         |--P. costelloi (Yaldwyn 1971) C85
         |--P. edwardsii (Brandt 1851) (see below for synonymy) C85
         |--‘Pandalus’ escatilis Stimpson 1860 C85
         |--P. exigua (Rathbun 1906) C85
         |--P. filipes (Calman 1939) C85
         |--P. fimbriata Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. gigliolii (Senna 1903) BRP03
         |--P. gracilis (Zarenkov 1971) C85
         |--P. grandis Doflein 1902 [=Pl. spinipes var. grandis] C85
         |--P. heterocarpus (Costa 1871) C85
         |--P. holthuisi Crosnier & Forest 1968 C85
         |--P. hypanodon Doflein 1902 C85
         |--P. indica De Man 1917 [=P. longipes var. indica] C85
         |--P. intermedia Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. izumiae Omori 1971 C85
         |--P. kensleyi Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. longipes C85
         |--P. lophotes Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. martia (Milne Edwards 1883) C85
         |    |--P. m. martia C85
         |    `--P. m. orientalis Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. mexicana Chace 1937 C85
         |--P. minor Calman 1939 C85
         |--P. multispinosus (Zarenkov 1971) C85
         |--P. narval (Fabricius 1787) (see below for synonymy) C85
         |--P. ocellus (Bate 1888) [=Nothocaris ocellus; incl. Pandalus sindoi Rathbun 1906, Plesionika sindoi] C85
         |--P. orientalis Chace 1985 MG-H11
         |--P. ortmanni Doflein 1902 C85
         |--P. pacifica Edmondson 1952 C85
         |--P. parvimartia Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. persica (Kemp 1925) C85
         |--P. philippinensis Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. pumila Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. quasigrandis Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. reflexa Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. rostricrescentis (Bate 1888) [=*Nothocaris rostricrescentis] C85
         |--P. semilaevis Bate 1888 [=P. martia var. semilaevis] C85
         |--P. serratifrons (Borradaile 1899) [=Pandalus (*Parapandalus) serratifrons] C85
         |--P. simulatrix Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. spinensis Chace 1985 C85
         |--P. spinidorsalis (Rathbun 1906) C85
         |--P. spinipes Bate 1888 [=Parapandalus spinipes] C85
         |--P. tenuipes (Smith 1881) [=Pandalus tenuipes] C85
         |--P. ‘tenuipes’ (Borradaile 1899) non Pandalus tenuipes Smith 1881 C85
         |--P. trispinus Squires & Barragan 1976 C85
         `--P. unidens Bate 1888 C85

Chlorotocus crassicornis (Costa 1871) [=Pandalus crassicornis; incl. C. gracilipes var. andamanensis Alcock & Anderson 1899, *C. gracilipes Milne Edwards 1882, C. incertus Bate 1888 (n. d.)] C85

*Heterocarpoides levicarina (Bate 1888) [=Dorodotes levicarina, Heterocarpus (Heterocarpoides) levicarina; incl. Heterocarpus (Heterocarpoides) glabrus Zarenkov 1971] C85

Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt 1851) [=Pandalus (Pontophilus) edwardsii; incl. Pandalus (Parapandalus) longirostris Borradaile 1899] C85

Plesionika narval (Fabricius 1787) [=Astacus narval, Pandalus narval, Parapandalus narval; incl. Pl. pristis (Risso 1816)] C85

*Stylopandalus richardi (Coutière 1905) [=Pandalus richardi; incl. Pan. (Plesionika) gracilis Borradaile 1915, Parapandalus gracilis, Par. zurstrasseni Balss 1914] C85

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[AMI02] Anger, K., G. S. Moreira & D. Ismael. 2002. Comparative size, biomass, elemental composition (C, N, H), and energy concentration of caridean shrimp eggs. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development 42 (2–3): 83–93.

[BRP03] Bottari, T., P. Rinelli & A. Panebianco. 2003. Trawling lesions in some decapod crustaceans: considerations with regard to government inspections. Crustaceana 76 (8): 927–933.

[B04] Boyko, C. B. 2004. The Bopyridae (Crustacea, Isopoda) parasites of the Stylodactylidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea). Zoosystema 26 (2): 199–210.

[B78] Brusca, R. C. 1978. Studies on the cymothoid fish symbionts of the eastern Pacific (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cymothoidae) II. Systematics and biology of Lironeca vulgaris Stimpson 1857. Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation New Series 2: 1–19.

[C85] Chace, F. A., Jr. 1985. The caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the Albatross Philippine expedition, 1907–1910, part 3: Families Thalassocarididae and Pandalidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 411: 1–143.

[K-M02] Klein-MacPhee, G. 2002. Silver hakes. Family Merlucciidae. In: Collette, B. B., & G. Klein-MacPhee (eds) Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine 3^rd ed. pp. 217–222. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

[KK03] Kocataş, A., & T. Katağan. 2003. The decapod crustacean fauna of the Turkish seas. Zoology in the Middle East 29: 63–74.

[MF02] Martini, F. H., & D. Flescher. 2002. Hagfishes. Family Myxinidae. In: Collette, B. B., & G. Klein-MacPhee (eds) Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine 3^rd ed. pp. 9–16. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O'Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.