Cavellinidae

Carapace architecture of Sulcella (Postsulcella) testis (st = stragulum), from Adamczak (2003).

Belongs within: Platycopina.

The Cavellinidae are a group of ostracods known from the Middle Silurian to the lower Middle Triassic. They are ancestral to the later Cytherellidae, from which they differ in retaining a plesiomorphic random aggregate muscle scar pattern (Adamczak 2003). Members of the genus Cavellina have the carapace oblong to ovate in lateral view, with the dorsum moderately arched, and subovate in dorsal view with the posterior end thicker than the anterior, especially in female specimens (Benson et al. 1961).

Characters (from Adamczak 2003): Typically oval lateral carapace outline; right valve consistently larger, overreaching all around the smaller; contact of valves holosolenic; stragular process present; domiciliar dimorphism kloedenellid, i.e. in heteromorphs brood chamber always separated by an inner partition (limen); random aggregate muscle scar patterns.

<==Cavellinidae [Cavellininae, Volganellacea, Volganellidae]
    |--Reubenella avnimelechi Sohn 1968 A03
    |--Alatacavellina Wang 1983 A03
    |    `--*A. ovata Wang 1983 A03
    |--Chapmanites Krömmelbein 1954 A03
    |    `--*C. crassus Krömmelbein 1954 A03
    |--Facticavellina Wang & Cao 1997 A03
    |    `--*F. reliqua Wang & Cao 1997 A03
    |--Uchtovia Egorov 1950 A03
    |    `--*U. polenovae Egorov 1950 A03
    |--‘Uralina’ Rozhdestvenskaya 1962 non Schuchert & LeVene 1929 A03
    |    `--*U. uralica Rozhdestvenskaya 1962 A03
    |--Menoeidina Stewart 1936 BB61
    |    `--*M. subreniformis Stewart 1936 BB61
    |--Paracavellina Cooper 1941 BB61
    |    `--*P. elliptica Cooper 1941 BB61
    |--Platychilella Cooper 1942 [=Platychilus Cooper 1941 nec Jakolev 1874 nec Cossmann 1888] BB61
    |    `--*P. ovoides (Cooper 1941) [=*Platychilus ovoides] BB61
    |--Tetratylus Cooper 1941 BB61
    |    `--*T. elliptica Cooper 1941 BB61
    |--Voronina Polenova 1952 BB61
    |    `--*V. voronensis Polenova 1952 BB61
    |--Donellina Egorov 1950 (n. d.) M61, BB61
    |    `--*D. grandis Egorov 1950 BB61
    |--Sulcocavellina Polenova 1952 (n. d.) M61, BB61
    |    `--*S. incognita Polenova 1952 BB61
    |--Timanella Egorov 1950 M61
    |    `--*T. typica Egorov 1950 M61
    |--Ellesmeria Tolmachov 1926 (n. d.) M61, BB61
    |    `--*E. ovata Tolmachov 1926 BB61
    |--Gotlandella Adamczak 1966 [Gotlandellidae] A03
    |    |--*G. martinssoni Adamczak 1966 A03
    |    `--G. cornuta (Krause 1891) A03
    |--Sansabelloides Harris & Lalicker 1932 [incl. Semilukiella Egorov 1950] A03
    |    |--S. texana (Warthin 1930) (see below for synonymy) A03
    |    `--‘*Semilukiella’ zaspelovae Egorov 1950 A03
    |--Volganella Sharapova & Mandelstam 1956 BB61
    |    |--*V. magna Spizharsky 1956 BB61
    |    `--V. spizharskyi BB61
    |--Birdsallella Coryell & Booth 1933 A03 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--*B. simplex Coryell & Booth 1933 A03
    |    |--‘*Cavellinella [Polenova & Zaspelova]’ batalinae A03
    |    |--‘*Cavellinella [Bradfield]’ casei Bradfield 1935 A03
    |    `--B. eifeliensis Adamczak 1968 A03
    |--Kloedenellitina Egorov 1950 [incl. Houhongfeiella Olempska 1999, Muhuaella Olempska 1999] A03
    |    |--*K. sygmaeformis (Batalina 1941) [=Beyrichia sygmaeformis] A03
    |    |--‘*Houhongfeiella’ microspinosa Olempska 1999 A03
    |    |--K. pseudosygmaeformis Egorov 1950 A03
    |    `--‘*Muhuaella’ spinosa Olempska 1999 A03
    |--Sulcella Coryell & Sample 1932 A03
    |    |--S. (Sulcella) A03
    |    |    |--*S. (S.) sulcata Coryell & Sample 1932 A03
    |    |    `--S. (S.) kloedenellides Adamczak 1968 A03
    |    `--S. (Postsulcella Adamczak 1968) A03
    |         |--S. (*P.) testis Adamczak 1968 A03
    |         `--S. (P.) postuma Becker 1965 A03
    `--Cavellina Coryell 1928 HM04 [incl. Alveus Hamilton 1942 A03, Alvenus A03]
         |  i. s.: C. bellerophonella FP12
         |         ‘*Alveus’ depressus Hamilton 1942 [=Alvenus depressus] A03
         |         C. glandella CB86
         |         C. mesodevonica BB61
         |--C. (Cavellina) HM04
         |    |--*C. (C.) pulchella Coryell 1928 A03
         |    |--C. (C.) jolliffana (Bradfield 1935) [=Cytherella jolliffana] HM04
         |    |--C. (C.) rohrensis Becker 1965 A03
         |    `--C. (C.) symmetrica (Payne 1937) HM04
         `--C. (Invisiblia Polenova 1960) A03
              `--C. (*I.) indistincta Polenova 1955 A03

Birdsallella Coryell & Booth 1933 A03 [=Birdsalella (l. c.) M61; incl. Cavellinella Bradfield 1935 A03, Cavellinella Polenova & Zaspelova in Polenova 1953 non Bradfield 1935 A03]

Sansabelloides texana (Warthin 1930) [=Jonesina texana; incl. Sulcella harrisi Bradfield 1935, *Sansabelloides harrisi] A03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A03] Adamczak, F. J. 2003. The platycopine dynasty. 2. Family Cavellinidae Egorov, 1950. Authentic platycopines. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie—Abhandlungen 229 (3): 375–391.

[BB61] Benson, R. H., J. M. Berdan, W. A. van den Bold, T. Hanai, I. Hessland, H. V. Howe, R. V. Kesling, S. A. Levinson, R. A. Reyment, R. C. Moore, H. W. Scott, R. H. Shaver, I. G. Sohn, L. E. Stover, F. M. Swain & P. C. Sylvester-Bradley. 1961. Systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt Q. Arthropoda 3: Crustacea: Ostracoda pp. Q99–Q421. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press.

[CB86] Chen D.-Q. & Bao H. 1986. Lower Permian ostracodes from the Chihsia Formation of Jurong and Longtan, Jiangsu Province. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica 3 (2): 107–132.

[FP12] Farabegoli, E., & M. C. Perri. 2012. Millennial physical events and the end-Permian mass mortality in the western Palaeotethys: timing and primary causes. In: Talent, J. A. (ed.) Earth and Life: Global biodiversity, extinction intervals and biogeographic perturbations through time pp. 719–758. Springer.

[HM04] Hoare, R. D., & G. K. Merrill. 2004. A Pennsylvanian (Morrowan) ostracode fauna from Texas. Journal of Paleontology 78 (1): 185–204.

[M61] Moore, R. C. 1961. Supplement—USSR treatise on Ostracoda. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt Q. Arthropoda 3: Crustacea: Ostracoda pp. Q422–Q429. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press.