Ceratosolen

Female Ceratosolen arabicus on Ficus sycomorus, photographed by Jean-Yves Rasplus.

Belongs within: Agaonidae.

Ceratosolen is a genus of fig-wasps found in Africa, southern Asia and Australasia, pollinating figs of Ficus sections Sycidium, Adenosperma and Sycocarpus (Bouček 1988).

Characters (from Bouček 1988): Females with scape short but stout; forewing venation distinct, normally pigmented; spiracles of sixth tergite surrounded by large concave and elongate peritremal areas with granulate surface; ovipositor sometimes barely protruding. Males with antennae slender, placed in deep channels which are anteriorly separated by a triangular raised area bearing on front margin usually 3 (rarely 2) short teeth; pronotal sides long and converging forward, anteriorly without rim; mid tarsi well developed, in most species 5 -segmented, hind tarsi sometimes unusually large and densely hairy.

Ceratosolen Mayr 1885 [incl. Ceratosolensia Girault 1915, Sycocrypta Coquerel 1855 (nom. rej.)] B88
    |--C. bianchi MH11
    `--+--C. armipes Wiebes 1963 MH11, B88
       `--+--+--*C. appendiculatus (Mayr 1885) B88, MH11, B88 [=Blastophaga (*Ceratosolen) appendiculata B88]
          |  `--C. emarginatus MH11
          `--+--+--C. blommersi MH11
             |  `--+--C. arabicus MH11
             |     `--C. stupefactus MH11
             `--+--+--C. flabellatus MH11
                |  `--C. silvestrianus MH11
                `--+--C. gallii MH11
                   `--C. megacephalus MH11

Ceratosolen incertae sedis:
  C. abnormis Wiebes 1963 B88
  C. adenospermae Wiebes 1965 B88
  C. bimerus Wiebes 1965 B88
  C. bisulcatus (Mayr 1885) [=Blastophaga (Ceratosolen) bisulcata] B88
  ‘*Sycocrypta’ caeca B88
  C. calopilinae Wiebes 1963 B88
  C. dentifer Wiebes 1963 B88
  C. ficophagus (Girault 1915) [=*Ceratosolensia ficophaga] B88
  C. fusciceps (Mayr 1885) [=Blastophaga (Ceratosolen) fusciceps; incl. B. niveipes Girault 1927] B88
  C. grandii Wiebes 1963 B88
  C. gressitti Wiebes 1980 B88
  C. hooglandi Wiebes 1963 B88
  C. immanis Wiebes 1981 B88
  C. indigenus Wiebes 1981 B88
  C. iodotrichae Wiebes 1963 B88
  C. medlerianus Wiebes 1980 B88
  C. nanus Wiebes 1963 B88
  C. nexilis Wiebes 1980 B88
  C. nigriscapus (Girault 1925) [=Blastophaga nigriscapus] B88
  C. notus (Baker 1913) [=Blastophaga nota] B88
  C. solitarius Wiebes 1980 B88
  C. solmsi B88
    |--C. s. solmsi B88
    `--C. s. marchali Mayr 1906 B88
  C. sordidus Wiebes 1963 B88
  C. vissali Wiebes 1981 B88

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B88] Bouček, Z. 1988. Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A biosystematic revision of genera of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).

[MH11] Munro, J. B., J. M. Heraty, R. A. Burks, D. Hawks, J. Mottern, A. Cruaud, J.-Y. Rasplus & P. Jansta. 2011. A molecular phylogeny of the Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). PLoS One 6 (11): e27023.