Nymphidiini

Aricoris chilensis, photographed by Rich Hoyer.

Belongs within: Rhopalocera.
Contains: Lemoniadina.

The Nymphidiini is a clade of Neotropical butterflies including the majority of myrmecophilous Riodinidae.

Synapomorphies (from Hall & Harvey 2002): Vibratory papillae present on prothorax of larva; larval abdominal segment one with spiracle ventral, below lateral fringe of setae.

<==Nymphidiini [Lemoniadini, Lemoniini, Riodininae]
    |--+--Lemoniadina HH02
    |  `--+--Theopeina HH02
    |     |    |--Behemothia godmanii HH02
    |     |    |--Protonymphidia senta HH02
    |     |    |--Calicosama HH02
    |     |    `--Theope HH02
    |     |         |--T. eurygonina HH02
    |     |         `--T. publius (Felder 1861) FS55
    |     `--Nymphidiina HH02
    |          |--Menander menander HH02
    |          |--Catocyclotis HH02
    |          |--Nymphidium HH02
    |          |--Mycastor HH02
    |          |--Adelotypa annulifera HH02
    |          |--Zabuella HH02
    |          |--Calospila cilissa HH02
    |          |--Setabis lagus HH02
    |          |--Calociasma nycteus [=Synargis nycteus] HH02
    |          `--Zelotaea HH02
    |               |--Z. albovata [=Ematurgina albovata] HH02
    |               |--Z. leucotopus [=Ematurgina leucotopus] HH02
    |               |--Z. nivosa [=Ematurgina nivosa] HH02
    |               `--Z. watkinsi [=Ematurgina watkinsi] HH02
    `--Aricorina HH02
         |--Ariconias Hall & Harvey 2002 HH02
         |    |--A. albinus (Felder & Felder 1861) [=Lemonias albinus, Audre albinus] HH02
         |    `--A. glaphyra (Westwood 1851) (see below for synonymy) HH02
         `--Aricoris Westwood 1851 (see below for synonymy) HH02
              |  i. s.: A. arenarum (Schneider 1937) HH02
              |         A. zachaeus (Fabricius 1798) [incl. A. zachea (Godart 1824)] HH02
              |--+--+--*A. constantius (Fabricius 1793) (see below for synonymy) HH02
              |  |  `--A. terias (Godman 1903) [=*Eiseleia terias; incl. A. pichanalensis (Miller & Miller 1972)] HH02
              |  `--+--A. gauchoana (Stichel 1910) HH02
              |     |--A. colchis (Felder & Felder 1865) HH02
              |     `--A. middletoni (Sharpe 1890) (see below for synonymy) HH02
              `--+--+--A. chilensis (Felder & Felder 1865) (see below for synonymy) HH02
                 |  |--A. cinericia (Stichel 1910) (see below for synonymy) HH02
                 |  `--A. notialis (Stichel 1910) [incl. A. mesopotamica (Hayward 1968), A. susanae (Orfila 1953)] HH02
                 `--+--+--A. aurinia (Hewitson 1863) HH02
                    |  |--A. domina (Bates 1868) HH02
                    |  |--A. incana (Stichel 1910) [incl. A. drucei (Giacomelli 1914)] HH02
                    |  `--A. montana (Schneider 1937) (see below for synonymy) HH02
                    `--+--A. campestris (Bates 1868) HH02
                       |--A. caracensis (Callaghan 2001) HH02
                       |--A. epulus (Cramer 1775) (see below for synonymy) HH02
                       |--A. erostratus (Westwood 1851) [incl. A. antaeus (Seitz 1916, A. insularis (Lathy 1932)] HH02
                       |--A. hubrichi (Stichel 1926) [incl. A. almironensis (Schweizer & Kay 1941)] HH02
                       |--A. indistincta (Lathy 1932) [incl. A. ina (Schweizer & Kay 1941)] HH02
                       |--A. propitia (Stichel 1910) HH02
                       `--A. signata (Stichel 1910) HH02

Ariconias glaphyra (Westwood 1851) [=Lemonias glaphyra; incl. A. campicola (Seitz 1916); A. modesta (Mengel 1902)] HH02

Aricoris Westwood 1851 [incl. Audre Hemming 1934, Eiseleia Miller & Miller 1972, Lemonias Hoffmannsegg 1818 non Hübner 1807, Melanope Röber 1892] HH02

Aricoris chilensis (Felder & Felder 1865) [incl. A. affinis (Schweizer & Kay 1941), A. catamarquense (Hayward 1968), A. cisandrina (Seitz 1916), A. cosquinia (Giacomelli 1928), A. dovina (Schaus 1902), A. umbrata (Giacomelli 1928)] HH02

Aricoris cinericia (Stichel 1910) [incl. A. precaria (Schweizer & Kay 1941), A. similis (Schweizer & Kay 1941)] HH02

*Aricoris constantius (Fabricius 1793) [incl. A. bahiana Felder & Felder 1865, A. monotona Stichel 1910, A. tisiphone Westwood 1851, A. tutana (Godart 1824)] HH02

Aricoris epulus (Cramer 1775) [=*Audre epulus; incl. A. albimaculata (Lathy 1932), A. epula (Hübner 1821), A. epule (Hübner 1819), A. pasquita (Stichel 1910)] HH02

Aricoris middletoni (Sharpe 1890) [incl. A. diamantina (Callaghan 1999), A. philene (Stichel 1916)] HH02

Aricoris montana (Schneider 1937) [incl. A. erycina (Schweizer & Kay 1941), A. nordensis (Callaghan 2001)] HH02

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[FS54] Franz, E., & H. Schröder. 1954. Tagfalter (Lep. Rhopalocera) aus El Salvador. Senckenbergiana Biologica 35: 75-87.

[HH02] Hall, J. P. W., & D. J. Harvey. 2002. Basal subtribes of the Nymphidiini (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae): Phylogeny and myrmecophily. Cladistics 18: 539-569.