Endoceratidae

Reconstruction of Cameroceras, via here.

Belongs within: Endoceratoidea.

The Ordovician Endoceratidae were large straight-shelled cephalopods. Some endoceratids reached immense sizes; specimens of Cameroceras were possibly up to ten metres long and easily the largest animals of their time.

See also: More giant cephalopods.

Characters (from Teichert 1964): Straight, generally robust, large to extremely large conches; siphuncle large, mostly ventral, occasionally subventral to central. Septal necks holochoanitic to macrochoanitic; connecting rings generally thin, forming lining on inner surface of septal necks; endosiphuncular structures generally simple. Apical end of siphuncle often inflated to fill entire apical section of conch.

Endoceratidae [Cyclendoceroceratidae, Endoceratinae, Suecoceratidae]
    |--Chazyoceras Flower 1958 T64
    |    `--*C. valcourense Flower 1958 T64
    |--Kawasakiceras Kobayashi 1934 T64
    |    `--*K. densistriatum Kobayashi 1934 T64
    |--Kutorgoceras Balashov 1962 T64
    |    `--*K. compressum Balashov 1962 T64
    |--Triendoceras Flower 1958 T64
    |    `--*T. montrealense Flower 1958 T64
    |--Vaginoceras Hyatt 1883 T64
    |    `--*V. multitubulatum (Hall 1847) [=Endoceras multitubulatum] T64
    |--Allocotoceras Teichert & Glenister 1953 T64
    |    `--*A. insigne Teichert & Glenister 1953 T64
    |--Foerstellites Kobayashi 1940 [=Foerstella Kobayashi 1937 non Ruedemann 1925] T64
    |    `--*F. faberi (Foerste 1930) [=Cameroceras faberi, *Foerstella faberi] T64
    |--Liskeardia Wilson 1939 [=Hendersonia Wilson 1938 nec Wagner 1905 nec Dall 1905] T64
    |    `--*L. sola (Wilson 1938) [=*Hendersonia sola] T64
    |--Tasmanoceras Teichert & Glenister 1952 T64
    |    `--*T. zeehanense Teichert & Glenister 1952 T64
    |--Vaningenoceras Flower 1958 T64
    |    `--*V. styliforme Flower 1958 T64
    |--Nanno Clarke 1894 [=Featherstonhaughoceras Clarke in Bather 1894, Mannoceras (l. c.)] T64
    |    |--*N. aulema Clarke 1894 [=*Featherstonhaughoceras aulema] T64
    |    `--N. walcotti Foerste 1935 P68
    |--Suecoceras Holm 1896 [=Succoceras (l. c.), Sueccoceras (l. c.), Suecoseras (l. c.)] T64
    |    |--*S. barrandei (Dewitz 1880) [=Endoceras barrandei] T64
    |    `--S. inaequable P68
    |--Kotoceras Kobayashi 1934 [=Subvaginoceras Shimizu & Obata 1936] T64
    |    |--*K. typicum Kobayashi 1934 [=*Subvaginoceras typicum] T64
    |    `--K. cylindricum T64
    |--Lamottoceras Flower 1955 T64
    |    |--*L. ruedemanni Flower 1955 T64
    |    `--L. franklini T64
    |--Proterovaginoceras Ruedemann 1905 T64
    |    |--*P. belemnitiforme (Holm 1885) [=Endoceras belemnitiforme] T64
    |    `--P. wahlenbergi T64
    |--Cameroceras Conrad 1842 [=Camaroceras (l. c.); incl. Rossicoceras Balashov 1961] T64
    |    |--*C. trentonense Conrad 1842 [=C. trentonensis] T64
    |    |--C. callumettense Foerste 1924 P68
    |    |--C. proteiforme P68
    |    |--C. styliforme P68
    |    `--C. vertebrale T64
    `--Endoceras Hall 1847 [=Andoceras (l. c.); Cyclendoceras Grabau & Schimer 1910] T64
         |--*E. annulatum Hall 1847 T64
         |--E. abundum T64
         |--E. baffinense Foerste 1928 P68
         |--E. baylorense Ulrich, Foerste et al. 1944 P68
         |--E. centrotubulatum Endo 1932 P68
         |--E. gouldi Miller, Youngquist & Collinson 1954 P68
         |--E. indigator P68
         |--E. knighti Ulrich, Foerste et al. 1944 P68
         |--E. landerense Foerste 1935 P68
         |--E. lorrainense Ruedemann 1926 P68
         |--E. paradoxicum Foerste 1935 P68
         |--E. perannulatum Ruedemann 1935 P68
         |--E. proteiforme P68
         |--E. sansabaense Ulrich, Foerste et al. 1944 P68
         |--E. trundlesense Ulrich, Foerste et al. 1944 P68
         `--E. vellvillense Ulrich, Foerste et al. 1944 P68

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[P68] Purnell, L. R. 1968. Catalog of the Type Specimens of Invertebrate Fossils. Part I: Paleozoic Cephalopoda. United States National Museum Bulletin 262: 1-198.

[T64] Teichert, C. 1964. Endoceratoidea. In Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt. K. Mollusca 3. Cephalopoda – General Features – Endoceratoidea – Actinoceratoidea – Nautiloidea – Bactritoidea (R. C. Moore, ed.) pp. K160-K189. The Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas Press.