Euselachii

Skull and dorsal fin spine of Xenosynechodus egloni, from here.

Belongs within: Chondrichthyes.
Contains: Eugeneodontiformes, Petalodontiformes, Ctenacanthoidea, Hybodontiformes, Selachimorpha, Rhinobatiformes, Rajiformes, Myliobatiformes, Torpediniformes.

The Euselachii are a major clade of chondrichthyan fishes, including all post-Palaeozoic sharks and rays and their relatives, united by the development of propterygial and mesopterygial cartilages supporting the pectoral fins (Bond 1996).

<==Euselachii
    |--Protoselachii [Xenacanthimorpha] B96
    |    |--Ctenacanthoidea B96
    |    |--Hybodontiformes B96
    |    `--Xenacanthiformes [Pleuracanthodii, Xenacanthida] B96
    |         |  i. s.: Leonodus carlsi Mader 1986 CDZ93
    |         |--Diplodoselache [Diplodoselachidae] CDZ93
    |         |    `--D. woodi Dick 1981 CDZ93
    |         |--Xenosynechodus [Xenosynechodontidae] TT05
    |         |    `--X. egloni Gluckman 1980 TT05
    |         `--Xenacanthidae [Expleuracanthidae] G88
    |              |--Xenacanthus moorei (Woodward 1889) CDZ93
    |              |--Anodontacanthus pusillus Hussakof & Bryant 1918 CDZ93
    |              `--Dittodus CDZ93
    |                   |--D. priscus (Eastman 1899) CDZ93
    |                   `--D. striatus (Eastman 1899) CDZ93
    `--Neoselachii [Hypnosqualea, Selachii, Squalea] B96
         |  i. s.: Agaleus Duffin & Ward 1983 [Agaleidae]
         |           `--A. dorsetensis Duffin & Ward 1983
         |         Vallisia coppi Duffin 1982
         |         Glaucostegus [Rhinopristiformes] VF21
         |           |--G. granulatus VF21
         |           |--G. halavi VF21
         |           `--G. thoin VF21
         |--Selachimorpha MW07
         `--Batoidea [Batoidei, Batomorphii, Platosomeae, Rajomorphii] MW07
              |  i. s.: Pristidae [Pristiformes, Pristoidei] B96
              |           |--Pristiopsis leichhardti G75
              |           |--Anoxypristis cuspidata (Latham 1794) CL99a
              |           |--Peyeria libyca Weiler 1935 CDZ93
              |           `--Pristis M58
              |                |--P. clavata Garman 1906 CL99a
              |                |--P. lathami Galeotti 1837 CDZ93
              |                |--P. microdon Latham 1794 [incl. P. leichhardti (Whitley 1945)] CL99a
              |                |--P. pectinata Latham 1794 [incl. P. annandalei] CL99a
              |                |--P. perotteti Müller & Henle 1841 CL99a
              |                |--P. pristis (Linnaeus 1758) CL99a
              |                |--P. zephyreus Jordan & Starks in Jorda 1895 CL99a
              |                `--P. zijsron Bleeker 1851 CL99a
              |         Heteronarce garmani H72
              |         Cestracion philippi H72
              |         Trygon H72
              |           |--T. pastinacea H72 [=Dasyatis pastinaca Y56]
              |           `--T. walga [=Dasyatis walga] Y56
              |         Rhinobatiformes CL99b
              |         Parapalaeobates [Parapalaeobatidae] CDZ93
              |           |--P. atlanticus Arambourg 1952 CDZ93
              |           `--P. pygmaeus (Quaas 1902) CDZ93
              |         Sulcidens VF21
              |--Rajiformes MW07
              `--+--Myliobatiformes MW07
                 `--Torpediniformes MW07

Euselachii incertae sedis:
  Protacrodontidae [Protacrodontoidea] CDZ93
    |--Protacrodus vetustus Jaekel 1921 CDZ93
    `--Holmesella Gunnell 1931 CDZ93, H62
         `--H. equilaterata Gunnell 1933 CDZ93
  Desmiodontidae [Desmiodontida, Desmiodontiformes] CDZ93
    |--Desmiodus tumidus St John & Worthen 1875 CDZ93
    `--Heteropetalus elegantulus Lund 1977 CDZ93
  Coronodontidae [Coronodontida, Coronodontiformes] CDZ93
    |--Coronodus reimanni Bryant 1923 CDZ93
    `--Diademodus Harris 1950 W85
         `--*D. hydei Harris 1950 W85
  Eugeneodontiformes CDZ93
  Orodontidae [Orodontiformes] CDZ93
    |--Orodus ‘corrugatus’ Romer 1942 non Newberry & Worthen 1870 CDZ93
    `--Hercynolepis meischneri Gross 1973 CDZ93
  Petalodontiformes CDZ93
  Squatinactis [Squatinactidae, Squatinactiformes] CDZ93
    `--S. caudispinatus Lund & Zangerl 1974 CDZ93

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B96] Bond, C. E. 1996. Biology of Fishes 2^nd ed. Saunders College Publishing: Fort Worth.

[CDZ93] Cappetta, H., C. Duffin & J. Zidek. 1993. Chondrichthyes. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 593–609. Chapman & Hall: London.

[CL99a] Compagno, L. J. V., & P. R. Last. 1999a. Order Pristiformes. Pristidae. Sawfishes. In: Carpenter, K. E., & V. H. Niem (eds) The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae) pp. 1410–1417. FAO: Rome.

[CL99b] Compagno, L. J. V., & P. R. Last. 1999b. Rhinidae (=Rhynchobatidae). Wedgefishes. In: Carpenter, K. E., & V. H. Niem (eds) The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae) pp. 1418–1422. FAO: Rome.

[G75] Grant, E. M. 1975. Guide to Fishes. The Co-ordinator-General’s Department: Brisbane (Australia).

[G88] Gray, J. 1988. Evolution of the freshwater ecosystem: the fossil record. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 62: 1–214.

[H62] Hass, W. H. 1962. Conodonts. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt W. Miscellanea: Conodonts, Conoidal Shells of Uncertain Affinities, Worms, Trace Fossils and Problematica pp. W3–W69. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[H72] Hulley, P. A. 1972. The origin, interrelationship and distribution of southern African Rajidae (Chondrichthyes, Batoidei). Annals of the South African Museum 60 (1): 1–103.

[MW07] Mallatt, J., & C. J. Winchell. 2007. Ribosomal RNA genes and deuterostome phylogeny revisited: more cyclostomes, elasmobranchs, reptiles, and a brittle star. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 43: 1005–1022.

[M58] Munro, I. S. R. 1958. The fishes of the New Guinea region: a check-list of the fishes of New Guinea incorporating records of species collected by the Fisheries Survey Vessel “Fairwind” during the years 1948 to 1950. Papua and New Guinea Agricultural Journal 10 (4): 97–369 (reprinted 1958. Territory of Papua and New Guinea Fisheries Bulletin no. 1).

[TT05] Tverdokhlebov, V. P., G. I. Tverdokhlebova, A. V. Minikh, M. V. Surkov & M. J. Benton. 2005. Upper Permian vertebrates and their sedimentological context in the South Urals, Russia. Earth-Science Reviews 69: 27–77.

[VF21] Vullo, R., E. Frey, C. Ifrim, M. A. González González, E. S. Stinnesbeck & W. Stinnesbeck. 2021. Manta-like planktivorous sharks in Late Cretaceous oceans. Science 371: 1253–1256.

[W85] Williams, M. E. 1985. The “cladodont level” sharks of the Pennsylvanian Black Shales of central North America. Palaeontographica Abt. A 190: 83–158.

[Y56] Young, R. T. 1956. A review of the cestode genus Echeneibothrium. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 46 (8): 256–265.