Harmonia

Mating pair of Asian ladybirds Harmonia axyridis, copyright Charles J. Sharp.

Belongs within: Coccinellidae.

Harmonia is a genus of ladybird beetles widespread in the Old World, feeding on aphids and other Hemiptera (Ślipiński 2007).

Characters (from Ślipiński 2007): Length 4–8 mm. Elytra moderately to strongly convex, glabrous; elytral colour pattern variable. Anterior clypeal border straight between lateral projections. Antenna eleven-segmented, slightly shorter than head capsule, with moderately compact three-segmented club. Terminal maxillary palpomere securiform. Pronotal disc evenly convex transversely with narrowly upturned and/or slightly thickened external borders. Prothoracic hypomeron without fovea near anterior angles; prosternal process with distinct carinae extending anteriorly. Anterior margin of mesoventrite weakly emarginate medially to straight. Elytral margin with narrow raised margins; epipleuron not foveate. Mid and hind tibia without distinct spurs. Abdominal postcoxal line not recurved, incomplete laterally, with oblique additional line. Penis consisting of basal sclerite and additional apical piece. Ovipositor with coxites club-handle type; infundibulum present; spermatheca C-shaped.

<==Harmonia Mulsant 1846 (see below for synonymy) S07
    |--*H. marginepunctata (Schaller 1783) [=Coccinella marginepunctata] S07
    |--H. axyridis (Pallas 1773) V09, S07 (see below for synonymy)
    |--H. bicolor (Blackburn 1892) (see below for synonymy) S07
    |--‘*Ballia’ christophori Mulsant 1853 S07
    |--H. conformis (Boisduval 1835) S07 (see below for synonymy)
    |--‘Coccinella’ corypha Guérin-Méneville 1844 [=*Stictoleis corypha] S07
    |--‘Callineda’ decussata Crotch 1874 [=*Rhopaloneda decussata] S07
    |--‘Coccinella’ dimidiata Fabricius 1891 [=*Leis dimidiata] S07
    |--H. octomaculata (Fabricius 1781) (see below for synonymy) S07
    |--‘Coccinella’ sedecimnotata Fabricius 1801 [=*Callineda sedecimnotata] S07
    `--H. testudinaria (Mulsant 1850) [=Daulis testudinaria, Callineda testudinaria, Neda testudinaria] S07

Harmonia Mulsant 1846 [incl. Ballia Mulsant 1853, Callineda Crotch 1871, Leis Mulsant 1850, Ptychanatis Crotch 1874, Rhopaloneda Timberlake 1943, Stictoleis Crotch 1874] S07

Harmonia axyridis (Pallas 1773) V09, S07 [=Coccinella axyridis S07, *Ptychanatis axyridis S07; incl. P. axyridis var. undevigintisignata C01]

Harmonia bicolor (Blackburn 1892) [=Neda bicolor, Archaioneda bicolor; incl. N. bicolor var. picturata Blackburn 1895] S07

Harmonia conformis (Boisduval 1835) S07 [=Coccinella conformis S07, Leis conformis B70; incl. L. conformis var. occidentalis Lea 1902 S07]

Harmonia octomaculata (Fabricius 1781) [=Coccinella octomaculata, H. arcuata var. octomaculata, Ptychanatis octomaculata; incl. Coccinella arcuata Fabricius 1787, Harmonia arcuata] S07

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B70] Britton, E. B. 1970. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers pp. 495–621. Melbourne University Press.

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[S07] Ślipiński, A. 2007. Australian Ladybird Beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Their biology and classification. Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra.

[V09] Verdcourt, B. (ed.) 2009. Additions to the wild fauna and flora of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. XXVI. Miscellaneous records. Kew Bulletin 64 (1): 183–194.