Lactobacillus

Lactobacillus casei, copyright AJC1.

Belongs within: Lactobacillales.

Lactobacillus is a genus of rod-shaped, facultatively anaerobic or microaerophilic bacteria found in association with animal guts and other tissues. They obtain energy through the conversion of sugars to lactic acid.

<==Lactobacillus
    |--+--+--L. iners MA03
    |  |  `--+--L. johnsonii NS03
    |  |     `--+--L. parabuchneri BV03
    |  |        `--+--L. farciminis BV03
    |  |           `--L. gasseri NS03
    |  `--+--+--L. fornicalis MA03
    |     |  `--L. jensenii MA03
    |     `--+--L. acetotolerans MA03
    |        `--+--L. delbrueckii NS03
    |           |    |--L. d. ssp. delbrueckii NS03
    |           |    |--L. d. ssp. bulgaricus NS03
    |           |    `--L. d. ssp. lactis NS03
    |           `--+--+--L. hamsteri MA03
    |              |  `--+--L. amylolyticus MA03
    |              |     `--L. intestinalis MA03
    |              `--+--+--L. acidophilus NS03
    |                 |  `--+--L. gallinarum NS03
    |                 |     `--L. helveticus MA03
    |                 `--+--L. crispatus NS03
    |                    `--+--L. amylovorus NS03
    |                       `--L. kitasatonis Mukai, Arihara et al. 2003 MA03
    `--+--L. hilgardii BV03
       `--+--L. bifermentans BV03
          `--+--+--+--L. mucosae NS03
             |  |  `--+--L. ingluviei Baele, Vancanneyt et al. 2003 BV03
             |  |     |--L. thermotolerans Niamsup, Sujaya et al. 2003 NS03
             |  |     `--L. fermentum NS03
             |  |          |--L. f. ssp. fermentum NS03
             |  |          `--L. f. ssp. cellobiosus NS03
             |  `--+--+--L. amylophilus BV03
             |     |  `--L. reuteri NS03
             |     `--+--+--L. oris NS03
             |        |  `--L. panis BV03
             |        `--+--L. pontis NS03
             |           `--+--L. frumenti BV03
             |              `--L. vaginalis NS03
             `--+--+--+--L. pentosus NS03
                |  |  `--L. plantarum NS03
                |  `--+--L. sharpeae BV03
                |     `--+--L. rhamnosus BV03 [=L. casei ssp. rhamnosus S01]
                |        |--+--L. casei BV03
                |        |  `--L. fructivorans BV03
                |        `--+--L. curvatus BV03
                |           `--+--L. graminis BV03
                |              `--L. sakei NS03
                `--+--+--L. buchneri NS03
                   |  `--L. collinoides BV03
                   `--+--L. mali NS03
                      `--+--+--L. ruminis NS03
                         |  `--+--L. alimentarius BV03
                         |     `--+--L. animalis NS03
                         |        `--L. murinus NS03
                         `--+--+--L. agilis NS03
                            |  `--+--L. brevis BV03
                            |     `--L. paracasei BV03
                            `--+--L. aviarius NS03
                               |    |--L. a. ssp. aviarius NS03
                               |    `--L. a. ssp. araffinosus NS03
                               `--L. salivarius NS03
                                    |--L. s. ssp. salivarius NS03
                                    `--L. s. ssp. salicinius NS03

Lactobacillus incertae sedis:
  L. ferintoshensis Simpson et al. 2002 JC08
  L. kandleri MP95
  L. kimchii EMV03
  L. leichmannii PHK96
  L. lindneri EMV03
  L. malefermentans EMV03
  L. mindensis Ehrmann, Müller & Vogel 2003 EMV03
  L. paralimentarius EMV03
  L. sanfranciscensis EMV03
  L. zeae A-FP-M03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A-FP-M03] Acedo-Félix, E., & G. Pérez-Martínez. 2003. Significant differences between Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei ATCC 393^T and a commonly used plasmid-cured derivative revealed by a polyphasic study. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53: 67–75.

[BV03] Baele, M., M. Vancanneyt, L. A. Devriese, K. Lefebvre, J. Swings & F. Haesebrouck. 2003. Lactobacillus ingluviei sp. nov., isolated from the intestinal tract of pigeons. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53: 133–136.

[EMV03] Ehrmann, M. A., M. R. A. Müller & R. F. Vogel. 2003. Molecular analysis of sourdough reveals Lactobacillus mindensis sp. nov. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53: 7–13.

[JC08] Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes. 2008. Status of strains that contravene Rules 27 (3) and 30 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria. Opinion 81. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 58: 1755–1763.

[MP95] Maher, M., R. Palmer, F. Gannon & T. Smith. 1995. Relationship of a novel bacterial fish pathogen to Streptobacillus moniliformis and the fusobacteria group, based on 16S ribosomal RNA analysis. Systematic and Applied Microbiology 18: 79–84.

[MA03] Mukai, T., K. Arihara, A. Ikeda, K. Nomura, F. Suzuki & H. Ohori. 2003. Lactobacillus kitasatonis sp. nov., from chicken intestine. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53: 2055–2059.

[NS03] Niamsup, P., I N. Sujaya, M. Tanaka, T. Sone, S. Hanada, Y. Kamagata, S. Lumyong, A. Assavanig, K. Asano, F. Tomita & A. Yokota. 2003. Lactobacillus thermotolerans sp. nov., a novel thermotolerant species isolated from chicken faeces. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53: 263–268.

[PHK96] Prescott, L. M., J. P. Harley & D. A. Klein. 1996. Microbiology 3^rd ed. Wm. C. Brown Publishers: Dubuque (Iowa).

[S01] Sneath, P. H. A. 2001. Bacterial nomenclature. In: Boone, D. R., R. W. Castenholz & G. M. Garrity (eds) Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology 2nd ed. vol. 1. The Archaea and the Deeply Branching and Phototrophic Bacteria pp. 83–88. Springer.