Latridiidae

Corticaria japonica, copyright Kohichiro Yoshida.

Belongs within: Coccinelloidea.

The Latridiidae are a group of minute beetles that feeds as adults and larvae on fungal spores, and are commonly found associated with dead vegetation or leaf litter (Lawrence & Britton 1991). A number of species are commonly found in food stores and have become widely dispersed worldwide.

Characters (from Lawrence & Britton 1991, as Lathridiidae): Minute; clypeus laterally expanded in front of antennal insertions; antenna ten- or eleven-segmented, with two- or three-segmented club, antennal scape usually large and more or less globular; pronotum usually much narrower than elytral bases; fore coxae projecting, trochantins concealed, fore coxal cavities internally and externally closed; elytral punctures more or less seriate; mid coxal cavities contiguous or narrowly separated, laterally closed; tarsi trimerous; abdomen with five or six ventrites, none connate. Larvae elongate, tapered posteriorly, lightly sclerotised except for head, with vestiture of long, fine setae or occasionally shorter, frayed setae; antennae relatively long; mandibles often partly membranous; mala obtuse.

<==Latridiidae B14
    |--Latridiinae B14
    |    |--Dienerella B14
    |    |    |--D. (Dienerella) filum (Aubé 1850) B14
    |    |    `--D. ruficollis [=Microgramme ruficollis] M83
    |    `--Lathridius LB91
    |         |--L. minutus LB91
    |         |--L. nodifer B70
    |         |--L. serratus [=Colydium (Latridius) serratum] G20
    |         `--L. transversus C01
    `--Corticariinae B14
         |--Cortinicara hirtalis LB91
         `--Corticaria B14
              |--C. elongata LB91
              |--C. fenestralis M83
              |--C. ferruginea LB91
              |--C. gibbosa C01
              |--C. japonica LB91
              |--C. pubescens C01
              |--C. serrata (Paykull 1798) B14
              `--C. transversalis C01

Latridiidae incertae sedis:
  Bicava E02
  Aridius LB91
    |--A. australicus LB91
    |--A. bifasciatus LB91
    `--A. nodifer LB91
  Melanophthalma B70
    |--M. australis B70
    |--M. distinguenda [=Latridius distinguendus] G89
    |--M. splendens M83
    `--M. zelandica M83
  Enicmus minutus B70
  Lithostygnus MC13
  Cartodere constricta LB91
  Adistemia watsoni LB91
  Eufallia MW15
  Coluocera maderae Wollaston 1854 W08
  Coninomus constrictus B70
  Succinimontia infleta RJ93

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[B70] Britton, E. B. 1970. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers pp. 495–621. Melbourne University Press.

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[E02] Emberson, R. M. 2002. The beetle (Coleoptera) fauna of the Chatham Islands: additions and corrections. New Zealand Entomologist 25: 69–77.

[G89] Gestro, R. 1889. Viaggio ab Assab nel Mar Rosso dei signori G. Doria ed O. Beccari con il R. Avviso «Esploratore» dal 16 Novembre 1879 al 26 Febbraio 1880.—IV. Coleotteri. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 5–72.

[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[MC13] Majer, J. D., S. K. Callan, K. Edwards, N. R. Gunawardene & C. K. Taylor. 2013. Baseline survey of the terrestrial invertebrate fauna of Barrow Island. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 83: 13–112.

[M83] Martin, N. A. 1983. Miscellaneous observations on a pasture fauna: an annotated species list. DSIR Entomology Division Report 3: 1–98.

[MW15] McKenna, D. D., A. L. Wild, K. Kanda, C. L. Bellamy, R. G. Beutel, M. S. Caterino, C. W. Farnum, D. C. Hawks, M. A. Ivie, M. L. Jameson, R. A. B. Leschen, A. E. Marvaldi, J. V. McHugh, A. F. Newton, J. A. Robertson, M. K. Thayer, M. F. Whiting, J. F. Lawrence, A. Ślipiński, D. R. Maddison & B. D. Farrell. 2015. The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution. Systematic Entomology 40 (4): 835–880.

[RJ93] Ross, A. J., & E. A. Jarzembowski. 1993. Arthropoda (Hexapoda; Insecta). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 363–426. Chapman & Hall: London.

[W08] Wetterer, J. K. 2008. Worldwide spread of the longhorn crazy ant, Paratrechina longicornis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News 11: 137–149.

Last updated: 30 November 2020.

Nitidulidae

Dried-fruit beetle Carpophilus hemipterus, copyright Udo Schmidt.

Belongs within: Cucujoidea.
Contains: Kateretidae.

The Nitidulidae are a morphologically and ecologically diverse group of small beetles, many of which feed on fungi but which may also feed on live or decaying vegetation. Species of Carpophilus feed on ripe or rotting fruits and may be a pest in food stores or orchards (Lawrence & Britton 1991).

Characters (from Lawrence & Britton 1991): Usually oblong to ovate, less commonly elongate and parallel-sided, strongly convex to flattened, usually brown or black, occasionally bicoloured, glabrous or pubescent. Antenna 11-segmented, with three-segmented club, club almost always distinct; head usually abruptly constricted at base of clypeus; frontoclypeal suture almost always absent; labrum often emarginate or bilobed (sometimes concealed); maxilla almost always without galea, palp not expanded apically; fore coxae transverse, trochantins exposed, fore coxal cavities externally open or closed, internally closed; mid coxal cavities contiguous or narrowly separated, laterally open; hind coxae well separated; tibiae often expanded and serrate or spinose; tarsi pentamerous or tetramerous, first four tarsal segments often with expanded setose lobes; elytra complete or truncate, exposing one to several abdominal tergites; abdomen with five or six ventrites, none connate. Larvae oblong to elongate and subcylindrical to flattened, dorsal surfaces often granulate or tuberculate, urogomphi (if present) often accompanied by second pair of projections (pregomphi); mandibles usually bearing complex prostheca with fringes of comb-hairs; spiracles often located at ends of tubular processes.

<==Nitidulidae
    |--+--Kateretidae MW15
    |  `--Glischrochilus obtusus (Say 1835) MW15, F91
    `--+--+--Stelidota remilleti MW15, S00
       |  `--Brachypeplus planus MW15, LB91
       `--Carpophilus [Carpophilinae] MW15
            |--C. aterrimus B70
            |--C. davidsoni LB91
            |--C. dimidiatus LB91
            |--C. fumatus S00
            |--C. hemipterus LB91
            |--C. immaculatus Lucas 1847 E12
            |--C. mutilatus G89
            `--C. notatus S00

Nitidulidae incertae sedis:
  Amphotis A71
  Nitidulina GE05
  Pria AY04
  Eupetinus O94
  Nesopeplus O94
  Nesopetinus O94
  Platamartus jakowlewi C01
  Epuraea E02
    |--E. florea C01
    |--E. imperialis Reitter 1877 E02
    `--E. nigrita Lucas 1846 E12
  Cychramptodes murrayi LB91
  Idaethina pilistriata LB91
  Notobrachypterus LB91
  Thalycrodes LB91
  Lasiodactylus LB91
  Platychoropsis LB91
  Aethina tumida LB91, B14
  Cychramus LB91
  Pallodes LB91
  Testudorea LB91
  Amphicrossus LB91
  Urophorus humeralis LB91
  Cillaeinae LB91
  Cryptarchinae B14
    |--Lioschema xacarilla (Thomson 1856) B14
    |--Paromia B14
    `--Cryptarcha LB91
  Nitidulinae B14
    |--Pocadius nobilis Reitter 1873 B14
    |--Cychrocephalus [Mystropini] B14
    |    |--C. corvinus Reitter 1873 B14
    |    `--C. luctuosus B14
    `--Nitidula L02
         |  i. s.: N. fusula C01
         |--N. (Nitidula) bipustulata G20
         `--N. (Cercus Latreille 1802) G20, L02
              |--N. (*C.) pedicularius (Linnaeus 1758) G20, L02, L58 (see below for synonymy)
              |--‘Cercus’ barbarus Lucas 1846 E12
              `--‘Cercus’ bicolor Lucas 1846 E12
  Meligethes B88 [Meligethinae LB91]
    |--M. aeneus [incl. M. cleonimis, M. dauricus, M. rufimanus] HW96
    |--M. atratus HW96
    |--M. canadensis HW96
    |--M. coracinus C01
    |--M. czwalinai HW96
    |--M. erythropus C01
    |--M. hebes C01
    |--M. lepidii C01
    |--M. nanus C01
    |--M. nigrescens HW96
    |--M. pinguis HW96
    |--M. saevus HW96
    |--M. simplipes HW96
    |--M. symphyti C01
    |--M. umbrosus C01
    |--M. viduatus C01
    `--M. viridescens HW96
  ‘Pterohelaeus’ nitiduloides Carter 1908 MB08
  Ithyphenes cucujiformis M86
  Circopes pilistriatus B70
  Sinonitidulina luanpingensis RJ93

Nitidula (*Cercus) pedicularius (Linnaeus 1758) G20, L02, L58 [=Byturus pedicularius L02, Dermestes pedicularius L02]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A71] Askew, R. R. 1971. Parasitic Insects. Heinemann Educational Books: London.

[AY04] Austin, A. D., D. K. Yeates, G. Cassis, M. J. Fletcher, J. La Salle, J. F. Lawrence, P. B. McQuillan, L. A. Mound, D. J. Bickel, P. J. Gullan, D. F. Hales & G. S. Taylor. 2004. Insects ‘Down Under’—diversity, endemism and evolution of the Australian insect fauna: examples from select orders. Australian Journal of Entomology 43 (3): 216–234.

[B88] Bouček, Z. 1988. Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A biosystematic revision of genera of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[B70] Britton, E. B. 1970. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers pp. 495–621. Melbourne University Press.

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[E02] Emberson, R. M. 2002. The beetle (Coleoptera) fauna of the Chatham Islands: additions and corrections. New Zealand Entomologist 25: 69–77.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[F91] Fashing, N. J. 1991. Deutonymphal dimorphism in the genus Hericia (Astigmata: Algophagidae). In: Dusbábek, F., & V. Bukva (eds) Modern Acarology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Acarology, held in České Budĕjovice, Czechoslovakia, 6–11 August 1990 vol. 2 pp. 287–291. SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague.

[G89] Gestro, R. 1889. Viaggio ab Assab nel Mar Rosso dei signori G. Doria ed O. Beccari con il R. Avviso «Esploratore» dal 16 Novembre 1879 al 26 Febbraio 1880.—IV. Coleotteri. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 5–72.

[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.

[GE05] Grimaldi, D., & M. S. Engel. 2005. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press: New York.

[HW96] Hoebeke, E. R., & A. G. Wheeler, Jr. 1996. Meligethes viridescens (F.) (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in Maine, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island: diagnosis, distribution, and bionomics of a Palearctic species new to North America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98 (2): 221–227.

[L02] Latreille, P. A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes vol. 3. Familles naturelles des genres. F. Dufart: Paris.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[L58] Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii: Holmiae.

[M86] Macleay, W. 1886. The insects of the Fly River, New Guinea, "Coleoptera". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (1): 136–157.

[MB08] Matthews, E. G., & P. Bouchard. 2008. Tenebrionid Beetles of Australia: Descriptions of tribes, keys to genera, catalogue of species. Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra.

[MW15] McKenna, D. D., A. L. Wild, K. Kanda, C. L. Bellamy, R. G. Beutel, M. S. Caterino, C. W. Farnum, D. C. Hawks, M. A. Ivie, M. L. Jameson, R. A. B. Leschen, A. E. Marvaldi, J. V. McHugh, A. F. Newton, J. A. Robertson, M. K. Thayer, M. F. Whiting, J. F. Lawrence, A. Ślipiński, D. R. Maddison & B. D. Farrell. 2015. The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution. Systematic Entomology 40 (4): 835–880.

[O94] Otte, D. 1994. The Crickets of Hawaii: origin, systematics and evolution. The Orthopterists’ Society: The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

[RJ93] Ross, A. J., & E. A. Jarzembowski. 1993. Arthropoda (Hexapoda; Insecta). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 363–426. Chapman & Hall: London.

[S00] Siddiqi, M. R. 2000. Tylenchida: Parasites of plants and insects 2^nd ed. CABI Publishing: Wallingford (UK).

Last updated: 30 November 2020.

Kateretidae

Brachypterus urticae, copyright Udo Schmidt.

Belongs within: Nitidulidae.

The Kateretidae are a group of plant-feeding beetles found in temperate and subtropical regions of the world (Bouchard 2014).

<==Kateretidae [Kateretinae] B14
    |--Brachyleptus quadratus (Sturm 1844) B14
    |--Anthoneus B14
    |--Brachypterolus B14
    |--Amartus B14
    |--Anamartus B14
    |--Heterhelus solani B14, C01
    |--Kateretes B14
    `--Brachypterus B14
         |--B. fulvipes C01
         |--B. gravidus C01
         |--B. pubescens Schüppel 1847 E12
         |--B. sibiricus Csiki 1901 C01
         `--B. urticae C01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

Laemophloeidae

Laemophloeus sp., copyright Robert Webster.

Belongs within: Cucujoidea.

The Laemophloeidae are a group of elongate-bodied beetles that mostly feed on moulds and other fungi. They may be recognised by the presence of a pair of longitudinal, submarginal carinae on the pronotum.

Characters (from Lawrence & Britton 1991): Elongate, parallel-sided, usually flattened, glabrous or pubescent; head large, prognathous, with prominent mandibles; antenna eleven-segmented, club (if present) never very large or abrupt, scape may be modified in male; pronotum bearing pair of longitudinal, submarginal carinae; fore coxae globular, trochantins concealed, fore coxal cavities externally open or closed, internally closed; elytra often carinate; mid coxal cavities widely separated, laterally open; tarsal formula 5-5-5 or 5-5-4; abdomen with five ventrites, none connate. Larvae narrowly elongate, parallel sided, flattened and lightly sclerotised, except for head, 8th segment and T9. Head flattened, with moderately long antennae, paired dorsal endocarinae and long, parallel hypostomal rods; mandible with several hyaline processes near base of mesal edge; mala blunt; T9 forming articulated plate, S9 and segment 10 reduced and concealed within emargination in S8.

<==Laemophloeidae B14
    |--Leptophloeus clematidis (Erichson 1846) B14
    |--Dysmerus B14
    |--Placonotus LB91
    |--Rhabdophloeus LB91
    |--Cryptolestes ferrugineus LB91
    |--Metaxyphloeus B14
    |    |--M. signatus B14
    |    `--M. texanus (Schaeffer 1904) B14
    `--Laemophloeus LB91
         |--L. amabilis LB91
         |--‘Laemophlaeus’ elongatus Lucas 1846 E12
         |--L. ferrugineus B70
         |--‘Laemophlaeus’ nigricollis Lucas 1846 E12
         |--‘Laemophlaeus’ rufipes Lucas 1846 E12
         `--‘Laemophlaeus’ suberis Lucas 1846 E12

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[B70] Britton, E. B. 1970. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers pp. 495–621. Melbourne University Press.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

Last updated: 30 November 2020.

Cryptophilinae

Cryptophilus integer, copyright Udo Schmidt.

Belongs within: Cucujoidea.

The Cryptophilinae are a group of saprophagous or mycophagous beetles mostly found amongst leaf litter (Leschen 2003).

Characters (from Leschen 2003): Mandible usually with subapical serrations; lacinia with one or no lacinial spines; mentum lacking lateral pockets, usually with medial carina; apical labial palpomere as wide as or wider than long, usually not securiform; ligular membrane as wide or wider than prementum; transverse gular line usually present as shallow groove (rarely absent or deep); antennal insertion hidden in dorsal view; supraocular line usually present to level above eye; vertex of head commonly with stridulatory file; pronotum usually not strongly constricted at base; anterior angles of pronotum poorly or well developed; anterior margin of pronotum usually serrate; pronotal pits usually present; procoxal cavity internally closed, usually open behind or closed by hypomeron, edge of hypomeron usually smooth; mesometaventral articulation, if present, dicondylic; width of mesoventral process usually less than coxa; submesocoxal lines usually absent; abdominal ventrites 1 and 2 usually free; abdominal calli present; metafurcal lamina usually absent with median stalk of metendosternite poorly or well developed; spermatheca rounded or elongate; apical pit of spermatheca usually absent; accessory gland of spermatheca usually present; tarsomere 1 usually longer than tarsomere 2 and 3; tarsomere 4 usually exposed in ventral view; tarsal shelf of tarsomere 5 usually absent; empodium with one or two setae; elytral punctation striate or confused with scutellary striole absent; elytra usually narrowly explanate; hind with with radial cell and wedge cell absent.

<==Cryptophilinae [Cryptophilidae]
    |--Empocryptini L03
    |    |--Lobosternum clavicorna L03
    |    `--+--Lepidotoramus grouvellei L03
    |       `--Empocryptus Sharp 1900 L03
    |            `--E. ovalis L03
    `--+--Toramini [Toraminae] L03
       |    |--+--Loberoschema bimaculata L03
       |    |  `--Stengita L03
       |    `--+--Atomarops L03
       |       |    |--A. curvitibialis L03
       |       |    `--A. lewisi L03
       |       `--Toramus L03
       |            |--‘Tomarops’ bimaculatus L03
       |            |--T. hirtellus L03
       |            `--‘Tomarops’ longitarsis L03
       `--Cryptophilini [Xenoscelinini] L03
            |  i. s.: Chinophagus Ljubarsky 1997 L03
            |--Brachypterosa peckorum L03
            `--+--+--Crowsonguptus mexicanus L03
               |  `--Cryptophilus Reitter 1874 [incl. Tomarops Grouvelle 1903] L03
               |       |--*C. integer (Heer 1841) [=Cryptophagus integer] L03
               |       |--C. allotrius [=Cryptophagops allotrius] L03
               |       |--C. leonensis [=Cryptophagops leonensis] L03
               |       |--C. mnionomoides [=Cryptophagops mniomonoides] L03
               |       `--‘*Tomarops’ punctatus Grouvelle 1903 L03
               `--+--Cathartocryptus Sharp 1886 [incl. Xenoscelinus Grouvelle 1910] L03
                  |    |--C. maculosus (Broun 1881) (see below for synonymy) L03
                  |    `--‘*Xenoscelinus’ malaicus Grouvelle 1910 L03
                  `--Loberopsyllus L03
                       |--L. explanatus Leschen & Ashe 1999 B14
                       |--L. halffteri B14
                       |--L. oculatus L03
                       `--L. traubi B14

Cathartocryptus maculosus (Broun 1881) [=Paramecosoma maculosa, Xenoscelinus maculosus; incl. *C. obscurus Sharp 1886] L03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[L03] Leschen, R. A. B. 2003. Erotylidae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cucujoidea): phylogeny and review. Fauna of New Zealand 47: 1–108.

Chrysomeloidea

Air potato leaf beetle Lilioceris cheni, copyright Richard Crook.

Belongs within: Coleoptera.
Contains: Megalopodidae, Cerambycidae, Donacia, Sagrinae, Cassida, Colaspoides, Colasposoma, Nodostoma, Crioceris, Lema, Acanthoscelides, Bruchus, Hispinae, Cryptocephalini, Clytrini, Galerucinae, Chrysomelini.

The Chrysomeloidea are a diverse clade of beetles containing the families Chrysomelidae, Cerambycidae and allies. Members of this clade have pseudotetramerous tarsi and antennae lacking a club. The Chrysomelidae, leaf beetles, mostly feed on living plant tissue. Members include the Bruchinae, seed-feeding species with a somewhat rostrate head that superficially resemble weevils in appearance. The Chrysomelinae are generally ovate beetles characterised by a truncate clypeus whose larvae feed externally and are often armed with repugnatorial glands. The Cryptocephalinae usually have a strongly hypognathous head that is deeply inserted into the prothorax. The Eumolpinae have larvae that are found in soil and probably feed on plant roots (Lawrence & Britton 1991).

Smaller families within the Chrysomeloidea include the Oxypeltidae, a group of metallic-coloured woodboring beetles found in southern South America (Bouchard 2014).

<==Chrysomeloidea GE05
    |--+--+--Megalopodidae M05
    |  |  `--Oxypeltidae MW15
    |  |       |--Oxypeltus quadrispinosus B14
    |  |       `--Cheloderus B14
    |  |            |--C. childreni Gray 1832 B14
    |  |            `--C. penai B14
    |  `--+--+--Cerambycidae MW15
    |     |  `--+--Rutpela MW15
    |     |     `--+--Vesperidae [Vesperinae] LL20
    |     |        |    |--Vesperus B14
    |     |        |    |    |--V. gomezi Verdugo 2004 F05
    |     |        |    |    `--V. luridus (Rossi 1794) B14
    |     |        |    `--Philus LL20
    |     |        |         |--P. antennatus [incl. P. inconspicuus] P66
    |     |        |         |--P. globulicollis P66
    |     |        |         |--P. pallescens Bates 1866 B66
    |     |        |         `--P. rufescens Pascoe 1866 P66
    |     |        `--Dorcasominae B14
    |     |             |--Apatophysis [Apatophyseinae] MW15
    |     |             |    `--A. serricornis (Gebler 1843) [=Pachyta serricornis; incl. A. mongolica] B14
    |     |             `--Capnolymma B14
    |     |                  |--*C. stygia Pascoe 1858 B14
    |     |                  `--C. capreola Pascoe 1866 P66
    |     `--+--Anoplodermatinae [Anoplodermatidae] MW15
    |        |    |--Migdolus MW15
    |        |    `--Hypocephalus [Hypocephalini] B14
    |        |         `--H. armatus Desmarest 1832 B14
    |        `--Orsodacnidae MW15
    |             |  i. s.: Orsodacne C01
    |             |           |--O. cerasi C01
    |             |           |--O. chloradica [=Megalopus (Orsodacna) chloradicus] G20
    |             |           `--O. ruficollis [=Lema ruficollis] L02
    |             `--Aulacoscelidinae B14
    |                  |--Janbechynea B14
    |                  `--Aulacoscelis B14
    |                       |--A. appendiculata Cox & Windsor 1999 B14
    |                       `--A. melanocera B14
    `--Chrysomelidae B14
         |  i. s.: Pseudomegamerus grandis GE05, P02
         |         Eucolaspis brunnea WFS04
         |         Oreina cacaliae AM07
         |         Arnomus brouni T27
         |         Nesaecrepidia BHM08
         |         Protoscelis GE05
         |         Protosceloides GE05
         |         Pseudocolaspis G89
         |           |--P. albostriata G89
         |           `--P. setosa Lucas 1846 E12
         |         Eurydemus oculatus Chap. 1879 G89
         |         Physimera DL99
         |         Cheilotoma musciformis F05
         |           |--C. m. musciformis F05
         |           `--C. m. hispanica Medvedev 2004 F05
         |         Haemonia WP99
         |         Gastrophysa viridula V09
         |         Pachybrachys C01
         |           |--P. fimbriolatus C01
         |           `--P. hieroghyphicus [incl. P. hieroghyphicus var. tristis] C01
         |         Stylosomus flavus C01
         |         Adoxus C01
         |           |--A. obscurus C01
         |           `--A. villosulus C01
         |         Gastroidea C01
         |           |--G. polygoni [incl. G. polygoni var. ruficollis] C01
         |           `--G. viridula C01
         |         Entomoscelis C01
         |           |--E. adonidis C01
         |           `--E. orinalis F92
         |         Xenomela heydeni C01
         |         Paropsides duodecimpustulatus C01
         |         Hydrothassa glabra C01
         |         Sternoplatys weisei Csiki 1901 C01
         |         Melasoma C01
         |           |--M. collaris [incl. M. collaris var. daurica] C01
         |           |--M. lapponica C01
         |           |--M. populi C01
         |           `--M. tremulae R13
         |         Rhaphidopalpa chinensis C01
         |         Malacosoma collaris C01
         |         Phyllobrotica C01
         |           |--P. quadrimaculata B56
         |           |--P. signata C01
         |           `--P. unicolor J89a
         |         Luperus C01
         |           |--L. flavipes C01
         |           |--L. flavovittis J89a
         |           |--L. malachiodes B37
         |           |--L. placidus B37
         |           `--L. rflavipennis Lucas 1847 E12
         |         Lochmaea C01
         |           |--L. birmanica Jacoby 1889 J89a
         |           |--L. capreae C01
         |           |--L. rugosa [=Galerucella rugosa] J89a
         |           `--L. suturalis F92
         |         Adimonia C01
         |           |--A. incisicollis C01
         |           |--A. mongolica Csiki 1901 C01
         |           |--A. pomonae C01
         |           |--A. sedakovi C01
         |           |--A. tanaceti C01
         |           `--A. violacea Lucas 1849 E12
         |         Pallasia absinthii C01
         |         Ochrosis salicariae C01
         |         Chalcoides C01
         |           |--C. aurata C01
         |           |--C. cyanea C01
         |           |--C. helxines [incl. C. helxines var. fulvicornis] C01
         |           `--C. metallica C01
         |         Mantura rustica [incl. M. rustica var. suturalis] C01
         |         Capraita B14
         |         Platymela sticticollis B14
         |         Spilopyra [Spilopyrinae] B14
         |           `--S. sumptuosa Baly 1860 B14
         |         Syneta [Synetinae] B14
         |           |--S. adamsi B14
         |           `--S. betulae (Fabricius 1792) B14
         |         Zeugophora [Zeugophorinae] B14
         |           |  i. s.: Z. flavicollis C01
         |           `--Z. (Zeugophora) B14
         |                |--Z. (Z.) scutellaris Suffrian 1840 B14
         |                `--Z. (Z.) subspinosa B14
         |         Lamprosomatinae [Lamprosomatini] B14
         |           |--Lamprosoma B66
         |           |    |--L. alienum Bates 1866 B66
         |           |    `--L. concolor B66
         |           `--Oomorphus B14
         |                |--O. concolor (Sturm 1807) B14
         |                `--O. japanus B14
         |         Donacia B14
         |         Sagrinae B14
         |         Cassidinae [Cassidini] MT11
         |           |--Cassida B88
         |           |--Hemisphaerota cyanea (Say 1824) B14
         |           |--Meroscalcis selecta LB91
         |           |--Aspidomorpha LB91
         |           |--Brontispa B14
         |           |    |--B. longissima (Gestro 1885) B14
         |           |    `--B. simonthomasi Gressitt 1960 B14
         |           |--Dicladispa B14
         |           |    |--D. armigera (Olivier 1808) B14
         |           |    `--D. birendra Maulik 1919 B14
         |           `--Acromis B14
         |                |--A. sparsa (Boheman 1854) B14
         |                |--A. spinifex B14
         |                `--A. venosa B14
         |         Eumolpinae [Eumolpidae] MT11
         |           |--Eka M30
         |           |--Typophorus C68
         |           |--Trichochrysea hirta (Fabricius 1801) MT11
         |           |--Malegia Lefevre 1883 MT11
         |           |--Colaspoides MT11
         |           |--Cleorina aeneomicans (Baly 1867) MT11
         |           |--Colasposoma MT11
         |           |--Phytorus dilatatus Jacoby 1884 MT11
         |           |--Apolepis MT11
         |           |--Lepidocolaspis MT11
         |           |--Chloropterus B14
         |           |--Edusella abdominalis LB91
         |           |--Geloptera LB91
         |           |--Tomyris LB91
         |           |--‘Nephus’ Jacoby 1889 non Mulsant 1846 J89b
         |           |    `--*N. femoratus Jacoby 1889 J89b
         |           |--Chalcolema Jacoby 1890 MT11
         |           |    `--C. fulvicornis (Jacoby 1889) [=Platycorynus fulvicornis] MT11
         |           |--Leprotoides MT11
         |           |    |--L. flavipes Jacoby 1896 MT11
         |           |    `--L. hitamtitik Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |           |--Aoria Baly 1863 MT11
         |           |    |--A. nigripes (Baly 1860) MT11
         |           |    `--A. quinquemaculata Bates 1866 B66
         |           |--Tricliona MT11
         |           |    |--T. oculata Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |           |    `--T. sulcatipennis Jacoby 1896 MT11
         |           |--Pagria MT11
         |           |    |--P. flavopustulata Baly 1874 MT11
         |           |    `--P. sumatrensis Lefevre 1887 MT11
         |           |--Nodina MT11
         |           |    |--N. baliana Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |           |    |--N. chalcosoma J89a
         |           |    `--N. fulvitarsis Jacoby 1896 MT11
         |           |--Xanthonia Baly 1863 [incl. Icogramma Weise 1922] MT11
         |           |    |--X. insularis Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |           |    |--X. lineigera (Weise 1922) MT11
         |           |    `--X. minuta Pic 1929 MT11
         |           |--Abirus MT11
         |           |    |--A. flavopilosus Jacoby 1884 MT11
         |           |    |--A. harmandi J89a
         |           |    `--A. piceipes J89b
         |           |--Aulexis MT11
         |           |    |--A. elongata J89a
         |           |    |--A. pallida (Lefevre 1887) MT11
         |           |    `--A. tibialis Jacoby 1889 J89a
         |           |--Basilepta MT11
         |           |    |--B. flavescens (Motschulsky 1866) [incl. Nodostoma beccarii Jacoby 1884] MT11
         |           |    |--B. nigromarginata (Jacoby 1896) MT11
         |           |    `--B. simplex (Jacoby 1884) MT11
         |           |--Scelodonta MT11
         |           |    |--S. dillwyni (Stephens 1831) MT11
         |           |    |--S. nitidula J89b
         |           |    `--S. strigicollis J89a
         |           |--Eumolpus L02
         |           |    |--E. cyanellus Dejean in Boisduval 1835 B35
         |           |    |--E. pretiosus L02
         |           |    |--E. quattuorpunctatus L02
         |           |    `--E. vitis [=Cryptocephalus (Eumolpus) vitis] G20
         |           |--Chrysochus B14
         |           |    |--C. asclepiadeus C01
         |           |    |--C. auratus (Fabricius 1775) B14
         |           |    |--C. cobaltinus B14
         |           |    `--C. pulcher J89a
         |           |--Pachnephorus MT11
         |           |    |--P. canus B14
         |           |    |--P. cylindricus Lucas 1846 E12
         |           |    |--P. porosus Baly 1878 MT11
         |           |    `--P. tessellatus (Duftschmid 1825) B14
         |           |--Rhyparida MT11
         |           |    |--R. armata Jacoby 1889 J89b
         |           |    |--R. bimaculata Jacoby 1889 J89a
         |           |    |--R. microdentata Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |           |    |--R. morosa B70
         |           |    `--R. nigrosignata Jacoby 1884 MT11
         |           |--Callisina MT11
         |           |    |--C. fasciata Baly 1860 MT11
         |           |    |    |--C. f. fasciata MT11
         |           |    |    |--C. f. baliana Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |           |    |    `--C. f. javana Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |           |    `--C. quadripustulata J89a
         |           `--Platycorynus Chevrolat 1837 MT11
         |                |--P. approximans Baly 1864 MT11
         |                |--P. fraternus (Baly 1964) MT11
         |                |--P. hijau Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |                |--P. lefevrei (Jacoby 1895) MT11
         |                |--P. rufescens Medvedev & Takizawa 2011 MT11
         |                `--P. rufipennis Pic 1934 MT11
         |         ‘Aletes’ Chapuis 1874 nec Rafinesque 1815 nec Carpenter 1857 N47
         |         Systena B56
         |         Oxygona B56
         |         Pseudodisonycha turquinensis Blake 1956 B56
         |         Griburius larvatus AT01
         |         Bassareus croceipennis AT01
         |         Metachroma gracile Black 1937 B37
         |         Luperodes B37
         |           |--L. antillarum Blake 1937 B37
         |           |--L. alboplagiatus J89a
         |           |--L. duodecimmaculata Jacoby 1889 J89a
         |           |--L. meraca B37
         |           |--L. piceicollis Jacoby 1889 J89a
         |           `--L. scutellatus J89b
         |         Megistops B37
         |           |--M. adulta B37
         |           |--M. fictor B37
         |           |--M. lugubrina B37
         |           |--M. ornatus B37
         |           |--M. pretiosus B37
         |           |--M. quattuornotata B37
         |           |--M. rubropustulata B37
         |           `--M. tabebuiae Blake 1937 B37
         |         Paratrikona Spaeth 1923 B37
         |           |--P. lerouxi [=Trikona lerouxi] B37
         |           |--P. ovata Blake 1938 B38
         |           |--P. turrifera [=Trikona turrifera] B37
         |           `--P. turritella Blake 1937 B37
         |         Batonota Hope 1839 B37
         |         Akantaka Maulik 1916 B37
         |         Trikona Maulik 1916 B37
         |           `--T. humeralis B37
         |         Elytrogona nigrodorsata Blake 1937 B37
         |         Chalcosicya B38
         |           |--C. costata Blake 1938 B38
         |           |--C. ditrichota Blake 1938 B38
         |           |--C. maestrensis B38
         |           |--C. nana B38
         |           `--C. rotunda Blake 1938 B38
         |         Anisodera P92
         |         Chalepus P92
         |         Criocerina P92
         |         Electrolema P92
         |         Hadroscelus P92
         |         Inclusus P92
         |         Nodostoma P92
         |         Oposispa P92
         |         Protanisodera P92
         |         Sucinagonia P92
         |         Profidia Gresset 1963 P92
         |           `--*P. nitida Gresset 1963 P92
         |--+--Criocerinae MT11
         |  |    |--Crioceris MW15
         |  |    |--Stethopachys formosa LB91
         |  |    |--Lema LB91
         |  |    `--Lilioceris B14
         |  |         |--L. cheni Gressit & Kimoto 1961 B14
         |  |         |--L. egena B14
         |  |         |--L. lilii B14
         |  |         `--L. nigripes LB91
         |  `--Bruchinae [Bruchidae, Lariidae, Mylabridae] MW15
         |       |--Caryedes brasiliensis GE05
         |       |--Caryoborus pallidus B88
         |       |--Acanthoscelides SJ73
         |       |--Spermophagus cardui C01
         |       |--Bruchus LB91
         |       |--Sennius morosus G05
         |       |--Mesolaria longala Zhang 1986 RJ93
         |       |--Caryedon B14
         |       |    |--C. abdominalis B14
         |       |    `--C. serratus (Olivier 1790) B14
         |       |--Rhaebus [Rhaebini] B14
         |       |    |--R. ammoni B14
         |       |    `--R. mannerheimi Motschulsky 1845 B14
         |       |--Callosobruchus LB91
         |       |    |--C. chinensis N57
         |       |    `--C. maculatus RCT07
         |       |--Stator G05
         |       |    |--S. limbatus G05
         |       |    `--S. pruininus G05
         |       |--Pachymerus RD77
         |       |    |--P. chinensis RD77
         |       |    `--P. dactris O49
         |       `--Bruchidius F05
         |            |--B. incarnatus TG96
         |            |--B. lyndhurstensis LB91
         |            `--B. niger Anton 2004 F05
         `--+--+--Hispinae MW15
            |  `--Cryptocephalinae [Camptosomata, Clytrinae] MW15
            |       |  i. s.: Aporocera ZS10
            |       |         Fulcidax monstrosa (Fabricius 1798) B14
            |       |         Leasia LB91
            |       |         Neochlamisus MW15
            |       |         Lachnabothra QI93
            |       |         Prasonotus QI93
            |       |         Loxopleurus B70
            |       |--Cryptocephalini MW15
            |       |--Clytrini SW07
            |       `--Chlamisus [Chlamisini] LB91
            `--+--Galerucinae MW15
               `--Chrysomelinae B14
                    |  i. s.: Leptinotarsa B14
                    |           |--L. decemlineata Say 1824 B14
                    |           `--L. juncta B14
                    |         Sterromela trimaculata LB91
                    |         Phratora B14
                    |           |  i. s.: P. frosti B14
                    |           |         P. hudsonica B14
                    |           `--P. (Phyllodecta) B14
                    |                |--‘Phyllodecta’ longula C01
                    |                |--P. (P.) polaris (Schneider 1886) B14
                    |                |--‘Phyllodecta’ vitellinae C01
                    |                `--‘Phyllodecta’ vulgatissima [incl. P. vulgatissima var. obscura] C01
                    |         Chlamys L02
                    |           |--C. cristata [=Cryptocephalus (Chlamys) cristatus] G20
                    |           |--C. formosana Bates 1866 B66
                    |           |--C. gibba [=Clythra gibba] L02
                    |           |--C. monstrosa [=Clythra monstrosa] L02
                    |           |--C. plicata [=Clythra plicata] L02
                    |           `--C. tuberosa L02
                    |         Colaspis L02
                    |           |--C. australis d’Urville in Boisduval 1835 B35
                    |           |--C. barbarus [=Cryptocephalus (Colapsis) barbarus] G20
                    |           |--C. corinthius Boisduval 1835 B35
                    |           |--C. epichloris Boisduval 1835 B35
                    |           |--C. flavicornis L02
                    |           |--C. striatopunctata d’Urville in Boisduval 1835 B35
                    |           |--C. surinamensis (Linnaeus 1758) L02, L58 [=Chrysomela surinamensis L02]
                    |           `--C. varipes Dejean in Boisduval 1835 B35
                    |         Orina RD77
                    |         Phaedon RD77
                    |           |--P. armoraciae C01
                    |           `--P. cochleariae H91
                    |         Phytodecta RD77
                    |           |--P. chrysomeloides Jacoby 1889 J89a
                    |           |--P. formicata R13
                    |           |--P. linnaeana (see below for synonymy) C01
                    |           |--P. rufipes C01
                    |           `--P. viminalis R13
                    |--Chrysomelini MW15
                    `--Timarcha [Timarchini] B14
                         |--T. punica Lucas 1847 E12
                         `--T. tenebricosa (Fabricius 1775) B14

Phytodecta linnaeana [incl. P. linnaeana var. decostigma, P. linnaeana var. nigricollis, P. linnaeana var. orientalis] C01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

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[B70] Britton, E. B. 1970. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers pp. 495–621. Melbourne University Press.

[C68] Crowson, R. A. 1968. Concerning immunotaxonomy of Coleoptera. Systematic Zoology 17 (1): 95–97.

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[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

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Last updated: 27 June 2021.