Ephemerelloidea

Ephemerella notata, from here.

Belongs within: Furcatergalia.

The Ephemerelloidea are a group of mayflies in which the nymphs have the musculature of the maxillary and labial palps reduced, being adapted to shredding food items with the mandibles. Most produce eggs with a polar cap with the exception of the basal genus Lithogloea (Molineri & Dominguez 2003).

Synapomorphies (from Molineri & Dominguez 2003): Adults with base of wing vein CuA detached from R1, directed to CuP. Nymphs with labial palp segment 3 reduced; transversal row of spines present at base of femora II and III; gills with ventral lamellae bifid; branchial lobes along entire margin of lamellae.

<==Ephemerelloidea [Ephemerellidae]
    |  i. s.: Philolimnias Hong 1979 H02
    |           `--*P. sinica Hong 1979 H02
    |         Clephemera Lin 1986 RJ93, KS02
    |           `--C. clava Lin 1986 RJ93
    |--Lithogloea MD03
    `--+--Ephemerella Walsh 1862 MD03, D68 [Ephemerellinae]
       |    |--E. excrucians RD77
       |    |--E. ignita RD77
       |    |--E. incognita A99
       |    |--E. inconstans RS10
       |    |--E. lenoki Tshernova 1952 K03
       |    |--E. major (Klapálek 1905) M86
       |    |--E. notata Eaton 1887 M86
       |    |--E. rotunda RD77
       |    `--E. (Timpanoga) viscata Demoulin 1968 D68
       `--+--Teloganodinae MD03
          |    |--Manohyphella [Teloganodidae] MD03
          |    `--+--Teloganella [Teloganellidae] MD03
          |       `--Melanemerella Ulmer 1920 [Melanemerellidae, Melanemerellinae] MD03
          |            `--*M. brasiliana Ulmer 1920 MD03
          `--+--Austremerella picta MD03, PC91 [=Ephemerellina (Austremerella) picta PC91]
             `--+--Ephemerythus MD03
                `--+--Machadorythus MD03
                   `--+--Tricorythus [Tricorythidae] MD03
                      `--+--Coryphorus [Coryphoryidae] MD03
                         `--Leptohyphidae MD03
                              |--Tricorythopsis MD03
                              `--+--+--Tricorythodes MD03
                                 |  `--+--Haplohyphes MD03
                                 |     `--Leptohyphodes MD03
                                 `--+--Leptohyphes MD03
                                    `--+--Traverhyphes MD03
                                       |--Yaurina MD03
                                       `--Allenhyphes MD03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A99] Ax, P. 1999. Das System der Metazoa II. Ein Lehrbuch der phylogenetischen Systematik. Gustav Fisher Verlag: Stuttgart (translated: 2000. Multicellular Animals: The phylogenetic system of the Metazoa vol. 2. Springer).

[D68] Demoulin, G. 1968. Deuxième contribution à la connaissance des ephéméroptères de l'ambre oligocène de la Baltique. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift (N. F.) 15 (1–3): 233–276.

[H02] Hong Y. 2002. Amber Insect of China. Beijing Scientific and Technological Publishing House.

[K03] Kluge, N. J. 2003. About evolution and homology of genital appendages of insects. Trudy Russkogo Entomologicheskogo Obshestva [Proceedings of the Russian Entomological Society] 74: 3–16.

[KS02] Kluge, N. Yu., & N. D. Sinitshenkova. 2002. Order Ephemerida Latreille, 1810. The true mayflies (=Ephemeroptera Hyatt et Arms, 1891 (s. l.); =Euephemeroptera Kluge, 2000. In: Rasnitsyn, A. P., & D. L. J. Quicke (eds) History of Insects pp. 89–97. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht.

[M86] Marten, M. 1986. Drei für Deutschland neue und weitere, selten gefundene Eintagsfliegen aus der Fulda (Insecta, Ephemeroptera). Spixiana 9 (2): 169–173.

[MD03] Molineri, C., & E. Domínguez. 2003. Nymph and egg of Melanemerella brasiliana (Ephemeroptera: Ephemerelloidea: Melanemerellidae), with comments on its systematic position and the higher classification of Ephemerelloidea. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 22 (2): 263–275.

[PC91] Peters, W. L., & I. C. Campbell. 1991. Ephemeroptera (mayflies). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers vol. 1 pp. 279–293. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[RS10] Regier, J. C., J. W. Shultz, A. Zwick, A. Hussey, B. Ball, R. Wetzer, J. W. Martin & C. W. Cunningham. 2010. Arthropod relationships revealed by phylogenomic analysis of nuclear protein-coding sequences. Nature 463: 1079–1083.

[RD77] Richards, O. W., & R. G. Davies. 1977. Imms' General Textbook of Entomology 10^th ed. vol. 2. Classification and Biology. Chapman and Hall: London.

[RJ93] Ross, A. J., & E. A. Jarzembowski. 1993. Arthropoda (Hexapoda; Insecta). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 363–426. Chapman & Hall: London.

Last updated: 31 May 2022.