Limnephiloidea

Phryganea grandis, copyright Ryszard.


Belongs within: Integripalpia.
Contains: Goeridae, Limnephilidae.

The Limnephiloidea are a clade of caddisflies in which the larvae bear a median horn-shaped process on the prosternum that ends in a glandular opening; adults have the dorsal tentorial arms developed and the male maxillary palp is turned upwards and usually has less than five segments (Ivanov & Sukatsheva 2002). The larva may may have single or branched gills on the abdomen. Larval cases are tubular and constructed of plant and/or mineral material. Members include the Plectrotarsidae, a family endemic to Australia characterised by a mesoscutum bearing setose punctures arranged in two parallel bands mesally and two small groups posteriorly.

<==Limnephiloidea BZ-M04
    |--+--Goeridae GE05
    |  `--+--+--Taimyrelectronidae GE05
    |     |  `--Thremma McLachlan 1876 BZ-M04 [Thremmatinae, Uenoidae GE05]
    |     |       `--T. gallicum McLachlan 1880 BZ-M04
    |     `--+--Apatania C01 [Apataniidae GE05]
    |        |    `--A. majuscula C01
    |        `--Limnephilidae GE05
    `--Phryganeoidea IS02
         |--+--Phryganopsychidae GE05
         |  `--Brachycentridae GE05
         |       |--Micrasema McLachlan 1876 BZ-M04
         |       |    |--M. bactro Ross 1938 R38
         |       |    |--M. longulum McLachlan 1876 BZ-M04
         |       |    |--M. minimum McLachlan 1876 BZ-M04
         |       |    `--M. moestum (Hagen 1868) BZ-M04
         |       `--Brachycentrus Curtis 1834 BZ-M04
         |            |--B. adoxus K01
         |            |--B. labialis RJ93
         |            |--B. maculatum (Fourcroy 1785) BZ-M04
         |            |--B. montanus K01
         |            |--B. nigrisoma WRM02
         |            `--B. subnubilus K01
         `--+--+--Pisuliidae GE05
            |  |--Lepidostomatidae GE05
            |  |    |  i. s.: Palaeocrunoecia crenata RJ93
            |  |    |--Crunoecia McLachlan 1876 [Theliopsychinae] BZ-M04
            |  |    |    `--C. irroata (Curtis 1834) BZ-M04
            |  |    `--Lepidostomatinae BZ-M04
            |  |         |--Lepidostoma Rambur 1842 BZ-M04
            |  |         |    `--L. hirtum (Fabricius 1775) BZ-M04
            |  |         `--Lasiocephala Costa 1857 BZ-M04
            |  |              `--L. basalis (Kolenati 1848) BZ-M04
            |  `--Kokiriidae GE05
            |       |--Kokiria C79
            |       |--Tanjistomella Neboiss 1974 N83
            |       |    `--*T. verna Neboiss 1974 N83
            |       |--Taskiropsyche Neboiss 1977 N83
            |       |    `--*T. lacustris Neboiss 1977 N83
            |       `--Taskiria Neboiss 1977 N83
            |            |--*T. austera Neboiss 1977 N83
            |            `--T. mccubbini Nebois 1977 N83
            `--+--Baissoferus IS02 [Baissoferidae GE05]
               |    `--B. latus IS02
               |--Plectrotarsidae GE05
               |    |--Tasmania Jacquemart 1965 N83
               |    |--Liapota Neboiss 1959 N83
               |    |    `--*L. lavara Neboiss 1959 [incl. Tasmania caparti Jacquemart 1965] N83
               |    |--Nanoplectrus Neboiss 1977 N83
               |    |    `--*N. truchanasi Neboiss 1977 N83
               |    `--Plectrotarsus Kolenati 1848 N83
               |         |--*P. gravenhorstii Kolenati 1848 [=P. gravenhorsti] N83
               |         |--P. minor Mosely 1953 N83
               |         `--P. tasmanicus Mosely 1936 N83
               `--Phryganeinae [Phryganaeidae, Phryganeidae] GE05
                    |--Ptilostomis semifasciata KP19
                    `--Phryganea Linnaeus 1758 L58
                         |--P. albifrons Linnaeus 1758 L58
                         |--P. bicaudata Linnaeus 1758 L58
                         |--P. bilineata Linnaeus 1758 L58
                         |--P. bimaculata Linnaeus 1758 L58
                         |--P. bipunctata A99
                         |--P. filosa Linnaeus 1758 L58
                         |--P. flava Linnaeus 1758 L58
                         |--P. flavilatera Linnaeus 1758 L58
                         |--P. fusca Linnaeus 1758 L58
                         |--P. grandis Linnaeus 1758 L58
                         |--P. grisea Linnaeus 1758 L58
                         |--P. longicornis Linnaeus 1758 L58
                         |--P. nebulosa Linnaeus 1758 L58
                         |--P. nigra Linnaeus 1758 L58
                         |--P. phalaenoides Linnaeus 1758 L58
                         |--P. rhombica Linnaeus 1758 L58
                         |--P. striata Linnaeus 1758 L58
                         `--P. waeneri Linnaeus 1758 L58

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A99] Ax, P. 1999. Das System der Metazoa II. Ein Lehrbuch der phylogenetischen Systematik. Gustav Fisher Verlag: Stuttgart (transl. 2000. Multicellular Animals: The phylogenetic system of the Metazoa vol. 2. Springer).

[BZ-M04] Bonada, N., C. Zamora-Muñoz, M. Rieradevall & N. Prat. 2004. Trichoptera (Insecta) collected in Mediterranean river basins of the Iberian Peninsula: taxonomic remarks and notes on ecology. Graellsia 60 (1): 41–69.

[C79] Craw, R. C. 1979. Generalized tracks and dispersal in biogeography: a response to R. M. McDowall. Systematic Zoology 28 (1): 99–107.

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Utivázlat [Reiseskizze]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. xii–xli. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[GE05] Grimaldi, D., & M. S. Engel. 2005. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press: New York.

[IS02] Ivanov, V. D., & I. D. Sukatsheva. 2002. Order Trichoptera Kirby, 1813. The caddisflies (=Phryganeida Latreille, 1810). In: Rasnitsyn, A. P., & D. L. J. Quicke (eds) History of Insects pp. 199–220. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht.

[KP19] Kawahara, A. Y., D. Plotkin, M. Espeland, K. Meusemann, E. F. A. Toussaint, A. Donath, F. Gimnich, P. B. Frandsen, A. Zwick, M. dos Reis, J. R. Barber, R. S. Peters, S. Liu, X. Zhou, C. Mayer, L. Podsiadlowski, C. Storer, J. E. Yack, B. Misof & J. W. Breinholt. 2019. Phylogenomics reveals the evolutionary timing and pattern of butterflies and moths. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 116 (45): 22657–22663.

[K01] Klapálek, F. 1901. Neuropteroidák [Neuropteroiden]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 203–221. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[L58] Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii: Holmiae.

[N83] Neboiss, A. 1983. Checklist and bibliography of the Australian caddis-flies (Trichoptera). Australian Society for Limnology Special Publication 5: 1–132.

[RJ93] Ross, A. J., & E. A. Jarzembowski. 1993. Arthropoda (Hexapoda; Insecta). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 363–426. Chapman & Hall: London.

[R38] Ross, H. H. 1938. Descriptions of new North American Trichoptera. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 40 (5): 117–124.

[WRM02] Wiegmann, B. M., J. C. Regier & C. Mitter. 2002. Combined molecular and morphological evidence on the phylogeny of the earliest lepidopteran lineages. Zoologica Scripta 31 (1): 67–81.

Last updated: 21 February 2021.