Belongs within: Grassatores.
Contains: Irumuinae, Sidaminae, Assamiinae, Polycoryphinae, Dampetrinae, Selencinae, Trionyxellinae, Hypoxestinae, Metereca, Ereca, Chilon.
The Assamiidae are a family of short-legged harvestmen found in tropical and subtropical regions of the Old World.
Characters (from Santos & Prieto 2010): Prosomal shield with five processes on frontal border (central, two internal lateral and two lateral external or marginal); pedipalps not very long, tibia and tarsus dorsoventrally flattened and crossed one on another; penis with distally enlarged trunk (ventral lamina), sometimes bilobed, with variable envelope of membranes; glans cylindrical, subdistal, housing spiny or warty evaginable membrane in the shape of a funnel.
Assamiidae [Assamioidae]
|--+--Selencinae SG11
| `--+--+--Arulla SG11
| | `--Tarnus pulcher SG11
| `--+--Trionyxellinae SG11
| `--+--Hypoxestinae SG11
| `--+--Paktongius SG11
| `--Mysoreinae R35
| |--Typestus Roewer 1935 R35
| | `--*T. sulcatus Roewer 1935 R35
| |--Attakattius Roewer 1929 R35
| | `--A. spinifrons Roewer 1929 R35
| `--Mysorea Roewer 1935 SG11, R35
| |--*M. brevipus Roewer 1935 R35
| `--M. thaiensis Suzuki 1985 SG11
`--Erecinae [Tsadseinae] SP10
|--Metereca SP10
|--Ereca SP10
|--Chilon SG11
|--Valpara Roewer 1929 R35
| `--V. albitarsis Roewer 1929 R35
|--Kukkala Roewer 1929 R35
| `--K. trispinifrons Roewer 1929 R35
|--Mandaria Roewer 1935 SP10
| `--*M. caeca Roewer 1935 R35
|--Merucola Roewer 1935 R35
| `--*M. granulatus Roewer 1935 [=M. granulata] R35
|--Dodabetta Roewer 1929 R35
| `--D. conigera Roewer 1929 R35
|--Djemia Roewer 1935 R35
| `--*D. cooperi Roewer 1935 R35
|--Wintonia Roewer 1923 SP10
| `--*W. scabra Roewer 1923 R35
|--Sacesphorus Thorell 1889 R35
| `--*S. maculatus Thorell 1889 T89
|--Parapygoplus Roewer 1912 R35
| `--P. variatus (Thorell 1889) [=Pygoplus variatus] R35
|--Irnia Roewer 1935 R35
| `--*I. scabra Roewer 1935 R35
|--Bibundina Roewer 1935 SP10
| `--*B. pectinata Roewer 1935 R35
|--Baeorix Thorell 1889 R35 [=Boeorix R23]
| `--*B. manducus Thorell 1889 T89 [=Boeorix manducus R23]
|--Lepchana Roewer 1927 R35
| `--L. spinipalpis Roewer 1927 M77
|--Eubaeorix Roewer 1912 R35 [=Euboeorix (l. c.) R23]
| `--E. gravelyi Roewer 1912 R35 [=Euboeorix (l. c.) gravelyi R23]
|--Sijucavernicus Roewer 1923 R35
| `--S. kempi Roewer 1923 R35
|--Fakoa Roewer 1923 SP10
| `--*F. spinulata (Roewer 1915) [=Acanthophrysella spinulata] S92
|--Buemba Roewer 1935 R35
| `--*B. filipes Roewer 1935 R35
|--Tetecus Roewer 1935 R35
| `--*T. tenuis Roewer 1935 R35
|--Metapygoplus Roewer 1923 R35
| `--*M. intermedius (Loman 1892) [=Pygoplus intermedius] R35
|--Gapotus Roewer 1935 R35
| `--*G. frontalis Roewer 1935 R35
|--Vandarawella Roewer 1935 R35
| `--*V. bicolor Roewer 1935 R35
|--Cereoides Roewer 1935 SP10
| `--*C. nebulosa (Sørensen 1896) [=Cerea nebulosa] R35
|--Cereipes Roewer 1935 SP10
| `--*C. angusta (Roewer 1912) S92 [=Cerea angusta R35]
|--Acanthophrysella Strand 1911 R35 [=Acanthophrys Loman 1902 non Milne Edwards 1865 R23]
| `--*A. pectinata (Loman 1902) S92 [=Acanthophrys pectinata R35]
|--Anjolus Goodnight & Goodnight 1948 GG48
| `--*A. malkini Goodnight & Goodnight 1948 GG48
|--Mbinia Santos & Prieto 2010 SP10
| `--*M. xenophora Santos & Prieto 2010 SP10
|--Cardwella Roewer 1935 SP10
| `--*C. atar (Sørensen in Henriksen 1932) [=Wintonia atar, Dampetrus atar ms] R35
|--Ivocoryphus Lawrence 1965 SP10
| `--*I. jezequeli Lawrence 1965 S92
|--Neocoryphus Lawrence 1965 SP10
| `--*N. niger Lawrence 1965 S92
|--Cereodiscus Roewer 1935 SP10
| `--*C. lesserti Roewer 1940 S92
|--Ereala Roewer 1950 SP10 [incl. Faradjea Roewer 1950 S92]
| `--*E. armata Roewer 1950 [incl. Faradjea schoutedeni Roewer 1950] S92
|--Eregonda Roewer 1950 SP10
| `--*E. tenuis Roewer 1950 S92
|--Termitereca Roewer 1940 SP10
| `--*T. singularis Roewer 1940 S92
|--Angolyppa Lawrence 1957 SP10
| `--*A. scabra Lawrence 1957 S92
|--Angopygoplus Lawrence 1951 SP10
| `--*A. dentichelis Lawrence 1951 S92
|--Montereca Lawrence 1962 L62
| `--*M. paucidens Lawrence 1962 S92
|--Bundukia Lawrence 1962 L62
| `--*B. nigra Lawrence 1962 S92
|--Roewereca Lawrence 1962 L62
| `--*R. tenebrosa Lawrence 1962 S92
|--Neobaeorix Lawrence 1962 L62
| `--*N. cornuta Lawrence 1962 S92
|--Aberdereca Goodnight & Goodnight 1959 L62, S92
| `--*A. parva Goodnight & Goodnight 1959 S92
|--Erebalda Roewer 1940 L62, S92
| `--*E. cryptostigma Roewer 1940 S92
|--Erecops Roewer 1940 L62, S92
| `--*E. multispina Roewer 1940 S92
|--Kakontwea Roewer 1951 L62, S92
| `--*K. leleupi Roewer 1951 S92
|--Lubudia Roewer 1951 L62, S92
| `--*L. leleupi Roewer 1951 S92
|--Kasaina Lawrence 1957 L62, S92
| `--*K. scabra Lawrence 1957 S92
|--Allereca Roewer 1961 L62, S92
| `--*A. ruandana Roewer 1961 S92
|--Comereca Roewer 1961 L62, S92
| `--*C. rectipes Roewer 1961 S92
|--Buniabia Roewer 1961 L62, S92
| `--*B. filipes Roewer 1961 S92
|--Bambereca Kauri 1985 K85
| `--*B. spinifrons Kauri 1985 S92
|--Tubereca Kauri 1985 K85
| `--*T. biharaguana Kauri 1985 S92
|--Neopygoplus Roewer 1923 R35
| |--N. jacobsoni Roewer 1923 R35
| `--N. siamensis Suzuki 1985 SG11
|--Tundabia Roewer 1935 R35
| |--*T. semicaeca Roewer 1935 R35
| `--T. ugandensis Goodnight & Goodnight 1959 S92
|--Bulobana Roewer 1935 R35
| |--*B. octopunctata Roewer 1935 R35
| `--B. infuscata Roewer 1940 S92
|--Eupygoplus Roewer 1915 R35
| |--E. armatus Roewer 1915 R35
| `--E. gracilis Roewer 1927 R35
|--Cerea Sørensen 1896 SP10
| |--*C. lugubris Sørensen 1896 S92
| `--C. feai Roewer 1927 S92 [=C. feae R35]
|--Izea Roewer 1927 R35
| |--*I. pectinata Roewer 1927 S92
| `--I. armata Roewer 1935 R35
|--Erecongoa Roewer 1950 SP10
| |--*E. gracilis Roewer 1950 S92
| `--E. granulata Roewer 1952 S92
|--Lygippus Roewer 1940 SP10
| |--*L. abdominalis Roewer 1940 S92
| `--L. machadoi Lawrence 1951 S92
|--Erecabia Roewer 1940 L62, S92
| |--*E. hartmanni Roewer 1940 S92
| `--E. pluridens Lawrence 1962 S92
|--Erecomma Roewer 1940 L62, S92
| |--*E. montana Roewer 1940 S92
| `--E. laurenti Roewer 1961 S92
|--Cereatta Roewer 1935 R35
| |--*C. celeripes (Loman 1910) S92 [=Cerea celeripes R35]
| |--C. elegans Roewer 1935 R35
| `--C. kivuensis Roewer 1961 S92
|--Pygoplus Thorell 1889 R35
| |--*P. obscurus Thorell 1889 T89
| |--P. ferrugineus Thorell 1889 R35
| `--P. trifasciatus Thorell 1889 R35
|--‘Macrobunus’ Roewer 1912 non Tullgren 1901 R35
| |--M. aborensis Roewer 1913 R35
| |--M. longipes Roewer 1913 R35
| `--M. singularis Roewer 1912 R35
|--Callereca Roewer 1940 SP10
| |--*C. gracilis Roewer 1940 S92
| |--C. angolensis Lawrence 1949 S92
| `--C. teteana Roewer 1954 S92
|--Cryptopygoplus Lawrence 1931 R35 [incl. Lawrenciola Roewer 1935 L11]
| |--*C. africanus Lawrence 1931 S92
| |--C. capriviensis Lotz 2011 L11
| |--C. coronatus Staręga & Snegovaya 2009 L11
| |--C. damaranus Lawrence 1931 [=*Lawrenciola damarana] S92
| `--C. rhodesianus Lawrence 1931 [=Lawrenciola rhodesiana] R35
|--Propygoplus Roewer 1923 R35, M77 (see below for synonymy)
| |--*P. maculatus (Roewer 1912) [=Parapygoplus maculatus] M77
| |--‘*Karsianga’ rugosa Roewer 1940 M77
| |--‘*Sikkimula’ scabrisoma Roewer 1940 M77
| |--P. siwalik Martens 1977 M77
| `--‘*Sikkimella’ tenuipes Roewer 1927 M77
|--Lygippulus Roewer 1954 L62, S92
| |--*L. major Roewer 1954 S92
| |--L. nigrescens Roewer 1961 S92
| |--L. parvulus Roewer 1954 S92
| |--L. scaber Roewer 1954 S92
| `--L. setipes Roewer 1961 S92
|--Erecula Roewer 1935 R35
| |--*E. pachypes Roewer 1935 R35
| |--E. cincta Roewer 1961 S92
| |--E. crassipes Kauri 1985 S92
| |--E. leleupi Lawrence 1962 S92
| |--E. marmorata Roewer 1940 S92
| |--E. novemdentata Roewer 1961 S92
| `--E. septemdentata Lawrence 1957 S92
`--Erecella Roewer 1935 R35
|--*E. lutea Roewer 1935 S92
|--E. basilewskyi Lawrence 1962 S92
|--E. biseriata Roewer 1961 S92
|--E. brunnea Roewer 1940 S92
|--E. flava Roewer 1935 R35
|--E. nigropicta Roewer 1961 S92
|--E. signata Roewer 1950 S92
|--E. transversalis Roewer 1961 S92
`--E. walikaleana Kauri 1985 S92
Assamiidae incertae sedis:
Sokodea Roewer 1935 R35
`--*S. caeca Roewer 1935 R35
Maccabeesa Roewer 1936 S92
`--*M. lawrencei Roewer 1936 S92
Aburistella Lawrence 1947 S92
`--A. flava Lawrence 1947 S92
Afroassamia Caporiacco 1940 S92
`--*A. laevipes Caporiacco 1940 S92
Bancoella Lawrence 1947 S92
`--*B. bimaculata Lawrence 1947 S92
Banconyx Lawrence 1947 S92
`--*B. dentichelis Lawrence 1947 S92
Cleoxestus Roewer 1954 S92
`--*C. luteipictus Roewer 1954 S92
Irumuinae SP10
Kungwea Roewer 1961 S92
`--K. scabra Roewer 1961 S92
Lukandamila Roewer 1961 S92
`--L. cookei Roewer 1961 S92
Simienatus Roewer 1956 S92
`--*S. scotti Roewer 1956 S92
Typhloburista Lawrence 1947 S92
`--*T. pusilla Lawrence 1947 S92
Acacinae SP10
|--Acaca Roewer 1935 R35 [incl. Pseudoacaca Caporiacco 1949 S92]
| |--*A. albatra Roewer 1935 R35
| `--A. liobuniformis (Caporiacco 1949) [=Pseudoacaca liobuniformis] S92
`--Acanthacaca Roewer 1952 L62, S92
|--*A. upembensis Roewer 1952 S92
`--A. katumbea Roewer 1961 S92
Pungoica Roewer 1914 R35 [incl. Pungoiella Roewer 1914 S92, Pygoselenca Roewer 1953 S92; Pungoicinae]
|--*P. simoni Roewer 1914 S92
`--P. bifurcata (Roewer 1914) (see below for synonymy) S92
Aburistinae SP10
|--Aburista Roewer 1935 R35
| `--*A. termitarum Roewer 1935 R35
`--Typhlobunellus Roewer 1927 R35
|--*T. formicarum Roewer 1927 S92
`--T. platypalpis Lawrence 1947 S92
Opcochinae R35
|--Drugius Roewer 1929 R35
| `--D. parvus Roewer 1929 R35
|--Trionyxana Roewer 1927 R35
| `--T. gracilipes Roewer 1927 R35
`--Opcochina Roewer 1927 R35
|--O. carli Roewer 1929 R35
`--O. gravelyi Roewer 1927 R35
Sidaminae SP10
Assamiinae SP10
Polycoryphinae SP10
Dampetrinae SP10
Parazalmoxis Roewer 1913 S92
`--*P. africana Roewer 1913 (see below for synonymy) S92
Nsorkia dorsicana SG11
Dicoryphus Loman 1902 R35 [incl. Coelobunus Loman 1902 S92, Caelobunus R23, Metarhabdopygus Roewer 1913 R35]
Dicoryphus melanacanthus (Loman 1902) [=Coelobunus melanacanthus, Caelobunus melanacanthus; incl. Co. fuscus Roewer 1912, Ca. fuscus] S92
*Parazalmoxis africana Roewer 1913 [incl. Hypoxestus holmi Goodnight & Goodnight 1959, P. roeweri Caporiacco 1949] S92
Propygoplus Roewer 1923 R35, M77 [incl. Karsianga Roewer 1940 M77, Sikkimella Roewer 1927 M77, Sikkimula Roewer 1940 M77]
Pungoica bifurcata (Roewer 1914) [=Pungoiella bifurcata; incl. Pygoselenca albisignata Roewer 1953, Pungoica decorata Lawrence 1947] S92
*Type species of generic name indicated
REFERENCES
[GG48] Goodnight, C. J., & M. L. Goodnight. 1948. New phalangids from the Southwest Pacific. American Museum Novitates 1371: 1–14.
[K85] Kauri, H. 1985. Opiliones from central Africa. Koninklijk Museum voor Midden-Afrika, Turveren, België, Zoologische Wetenschappen, Annalen 245: 1–167.
[L62] Lawrence, R. F. 1962. Resultats scientifiques des missions zoologiques de l'I.R.S.A.C. en Afrique orientale (P. Basilewsky et N. Leleup, 1957). LXXIV. Opiliones. Annales du Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale: Sciences Zoologiques 110: 9–89.
[L11] Lotz, L. N. 2011. Three new harvestmen species from southern Africa (Arachnida: Opiliones: Caddidae, Neopilionidae, Assamiidae). Journal of Afrotropical Zoology 7: 3–8.
[M77] Martens, J. 1977. Opiliones aus dem Nepal-Himalaya. III. Oncopodidae, Phalangodidae, Assamiidae (Arachnida). Senckenbergiana Biologica 57 (4–6): 295–340.
[R23] Roewer, C.-F. 1923. Die Weberknechte der Erde: Systematische Bearbeitung der bisher bekannnten Opiliones. Gustav Fischer: Jena.
[R35] Roewer, C.-F. 1935. Alte und neue Assamiidae. Weitere Weberknechte VIII. (8. Ergänzung der “Weberknechte der Erde” 1923). Veröffentlichungen aus dem Deutschen Kolonial- und Uebersee-Museum in Bremen 1: 1–168.
[SP10] Santos, R., & C. E. Prieto. 2010. Los Assamiidae (Opiliones: Assamiidae) de Río Muni (Guinea Ecuatorial), con la descripción de ocho nuevas especies. Revista de Biologia Tropical 58 (1): 203–243.
[SG11] Sharma, P. P., & G. Giribet. 2011. The evolutionary and biogeographic history of the armoured harvestmen—Laniatores phylogeny based on ten molecular markers, with the description of two new families of Opiliones (Arachnida). Invertebrate Systematics 25: 106–142.
[S92] Staręga, W. 1992. An annotated check-list of Afrotropical harvestmen, excluding the Phalangiidae (Opiliones). Annals of the Natal Museum 33 (2): 271–336.
[T89] Thorell, T. 1889. Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmania e regioni vicine. XXI.—Aracnidi Artrogastri Birmani raccolti da L. Fea nel 1885–1887. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2a, 7: 521–729.
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