Tubulinea

Amoeba proteus, copyright Wim van Egmond.

Belongs within: Amoebozoa.
Contains: Arcellinida.

The Tubulinea are a group of strictly amoeboid amoebozoans that are capable of producing tubular pseudopodia.

See also: Amoeba: much weirder than you think; Tubulinea: the paragons of amoeboids.

Characters (from Smirnov et al. 2005): Naked or testate amoebae producing tubular, subcylindrical pseudopodia or capable of altering locomotive form from flattened, expanded one to subcylindrical one. Monoaxial flow of cytoplasm in every pseudopodium or in entire cell. No cytoplasmic microtubule-organising centres; no flagellate stage in life cycle.

<==Tubulinea [Hartmannellina, Lobosea, Tubulina]
    |--Leptomyxida [Leptomyxidae, Leptomyxoidea] SN05
    |    |  i. s.: Gephyramoeba [Gephyramoebidae] AS12
    |    |           `--G. delicatula LB90
    |    |--Leptomyxa reticulata SN05
    |    `--+--Rhizamoeba saxonica SN05
    |       `--Flabellulidae [Flabellulina] C-SCO04
    |            |--Flabellula SN05
    |            `--Paraflabellula SN05
    |                 |--P. hoguae SN05
    |                 `--P. reniformis SN05
    `--+--Arcellinida SN05
       `--Euamoebida AS12
            |--Copromyxidae [Copromyxida] C-SCO04
            |    |--Copromyxa C-SCO04
            |    `--Copromyxella C-SCO04
            `--Tubulinida [Amoebidae, Amoeboidea, Chaidae, Chaosidae, Hartmannellidae, Hartmannellinae] SN05
                 |  i. s.: Cashia SN05
                 |         Deuteramoeba SN05
                 |         Hydramoeba SN05
                 |         Parachaos SN05
                 |         Polychaos SN05
                 |         Trichamoeba villosa SN05, LB90
                 |--Saccamoeba SN05
                 |    |--S. limax SN05
                 |    `--S. stagnicola LB90
                 `--+--+--Glaeseria mira SN05
                    |  `--Hartmannella cantabrigiensis SN05
                    `--+--Chaos Linné 1767 SN05, LT64 [Chaosina]
                       |    |--C. carolinense SN05
                       |    |--C. diffluens LT64
                       |    `--C. nobile SN05
                       `--Amoeba Ehrenberg 1830 SN05, LT64 [=Amiba Bory de St. Vincent 1822 LT64]
                            |--A. dubia LG91
                            |--A. leningradensis SN05
                            |--A. limax SX97
                            |--A. proteus SN05
                            `--A. vespertilis SX97

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[AS12] Adl, S. M., A. G. B. Simpson, C. E. Lane, J. Lukeš, D. Bass, S. S. Bowser, M. W. Brown, F. Burki, M. Dunthorn, V. Hampl, A. Heiss, M. Hoppenrath, E. Lara, E. Le Gall, D. H. Lynn, H. McManus, E. A. D. Mitchell, S. E. Mozley-Stanridge, L. W. Parfrey, J. Pawlowski, S. Rueckert, L. Shadwick, C. L. Schoch, A. Smirnov & F. W. Spiegel. 2012. The revised classification of eukaryotes. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 59 (5): 429–493.

[C-SCO04] Cavalier-Smith, T., E. E.-Y. Chao & B. Oates. 2004. Molecular phylogeny of Amoebozoa and the evolutionary significance of the unikont Phalansterium. European Journal of Protistology 40: 21–48.

[LG91] Li, W.-H., & D. Graur. 1991. Fundamentals of Molecular Evolution. Sinauer: Sunderland (MA).

[LT64] Loeblich, A. R., Jr & H. Tappan. 1964. Sarcodina: chiefly “thecamoebians” and Foraminiferida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt C. Protista 2 vol. 1. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press.

[LB90] Lousier, J. D., & S. S. Bamforth. 1990. Soil protozoa. In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide pp. 97–136. John Wiley & Sones: New York.

[SN05] Smirnov, A., E. Nassonova, C. Berney, J. Fahrni, I. Bolivar & J. Pawlowski. 2005. Molecular phylogeny and classification of the lobose amoebae. Protist 156: 129–142.

[SX97] Song B. & Xie P. 1997. Preliminary studies on the community structure of the planktonic protozoa from the outlet of Lake Dongting. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica 21 (Suppl): 60–68.