Ammonitida

Intermediate form of Polymorphites polymorphus, copyright Andy S.

Belongs within: Ammonoidea.
Contains: Aptychophora.

The Ammonitida (here used for the Ammonitina of some authors) is a group of ammonoids known from the Jurassic and Cretaceous with five-lobed primary sutures. Early members of this lineage retained a single hemispherical anaptychus with which to close the body chamber; this became divided into two valves in the derived Aptychophora (Enseger & Keupp 2002).

Characters (from Besnosov & Michailova 1991): Jurassic and Cretaceous ammonoids with primary five-lobed primasuture (VUU¹ID); unstable five-lobed primasuture established in some Cretaceous forms. New elements formed in various ways: by division of saddle U¹/I and appearance of new umbilical lobes (U¹, U²...), occasionally by division of saddle I/D and appearance of inner lateral lobes (I¹, I²...) or as a result of subdivision of inner lateral lobe; combination of these modes sometimes seen, more rarely umbilical lobe dividing, and in extreme cases lateral lobe arising. Umbilical lobe predominantly tripartite. Dorsal lobe in last stages initially bipartite, then becoming tripartite; again becoming bipartite extremely rarely in Cretaceous forms. In course of ontogenesis saddles dividing somewhat later than lobes or at same time.

<==Ammonitida [Ammonitina]
    |--Arietitidae [Arietitaceae] EK02
    |    |--Asteroceras Hyatt 1867 [Asteroceratinae] EK02
    |    |--Arietites Waagen 1869 EK02
    |    `--Arnioceras Hyatt 1867 EK02
    |         `--A. (Eparioceras) semicostatoides DM92
    `--+--Aptychophora EK02
       `--Eoderocerataceae EK02
            |  i. s.: Beaniceras H79
            |         Uptonia H79
            |--Eoderoceratidae EK02
            |--Polymorphitidae EK02
            |    |--Acanthopleuroceras [Acanthopleuroceratinae] EK02
            |    `--Polymorphites Haug 1887 CDH04
            |         `--*P. polymorphus (Quenstedt 1845) (see below for synonymy) CDH04
            `--Dactylioceratidae EK02
                 |--Coeloceras H79
                 |--Coeloderoceras H79
                 |--Prodactylioceras H79
                 `--Dactylioceras H79

Ammonitida incertae sedis:
  Desmoceratoidea TLY03
    |  i. s.: Damesites Matsumoto 1942 TLY03, T64 (see below for synonymy)
    |           |--D. amapondensis [=Amapondella amapondense] M08
    |           |--D. semicostatus TLY03
    |           `--D. sugata TLY03
    |         Eupachydiscus TLY03
    |           |--E. brazosensis Ka79
    |           |--E. gordoni Ka79
    |           |--E. haradai Ka79
    |           |--E. isculensis Ka79
    |           `--E. levyi Ka79
    |         Menuites portlocki TLY03, Ka79
    |         Yokoyamaoceras TLY03
    `--Desmoceratidae EK02
         |--Mesopuzosia Ka79
         |--Pachydesmoceras Ka79
         |--Tragodesmoceroides Matsumoto 1942 EK02
         |    `--T. subcostatus TLY03
         |--Melchiorites MR77
         |    |--M. indigenes Anderson 1938 MR77
         |    `--M. shastensis Anderson 1938 MR77
         `--Desmoceras Zittel 1884 EK02
              |  i. s.: D. carolensis Etheridge 1902 F71
              |         D. kossmati Ka79
              |         D. latidorsatum Ka79
              `--D. (Pseudouhligella) Ka79
                   |--D. (P.) alamoense Ka79
                   |--D. (P.) ezoanum Ka79
                   `--D. (P.) japonicum Ka79
  Ammonitidae W77
    |--Buchiceras Hyatt 1875 W77
    |    |--*B. syriacum W77
    |    `--B. swallovi (Shumard 1860) [=Ammonites swallovi] W77
    `--Ammonites Bruguière 1789 (nom. rej.) CDH04
         |--A. bifurcatus Bruguière 1789 CDH04
         |--A. ‘bifurcatus’ de Roissy 1805 non Bruguière 1789 CDH04
         |--A. ‘bifurcatus’ Schlotheim 1820 nec Bruguière 1789 nec de Roissy 1805 CDH04
         |--A. biplex Sowerby 1821 CDH04
         |--A. bogdoanus von Buch 1831 Ku79
         |--A. cavernosus H04
         |--A. compressus de Blainville 1840 CDH04
         |--A. convolutus Quenstedt 1847 CDH04
         |--A. gigas Zieten 1831 CDH04
         |--A. humphryi H04
         |--A. lingulatus F71
         |--A. loevianus White 1877 W77
         |--A. mammillaris H04
         |--A. natrix CDH04
         |--A. orion Oppel 1857 [incl. A. convolutus gigas Quenstedt 1847 non A. gigas Zieten 1831] CDH04
         |--A. parkinsoni Sowerby 1821 CDH04
         |--A. placenta [incl. A. placenta var. intercalaris] W77
         |--A. psilonotus Quenstedt 1843 (see below for synonymy) CDH04
         |--A. radians (see below for synonymy) CDH04
         |--A. rotula H04
         `--A. valdani (see below for synonymy) CDH04

Ammonites psilonotus Quenstedt 1843 [incl. A. psilonotus laevis Quenstedt 1845, A. psilonotus plicatus Quenstedt 1845] CDH04

Ammonites radians [incl. A. radians compressus Quenstedt 1845 non A. compressus de Blainville 1840] CDH04

Ammonites valdani [incl. A. valdani compressus Quenstedt 1845 nec A. compressus de Blainville 1840 nec A. radians compressus Quenstedt 1845] CDH04

Damesites Matsumoto 1942 TLY03, T64 [incl. Kotoceras Yabe 1927 (n. n.) non Kobayashi 1934 T64]

*Polymorphites polymorphus (Quenstedt 1845) [=Ammonites polymorphus; incl. A. polymorphus costatus Quenstedt 1845, A. polymorphus interruptus Quenstedt 1845, A. polymorphus lineatus Quenstedt 1845, A. polymorphus mixtus Quenstedt 1845, A. polymorphus quadratus Quenstedt 1845] CDH04

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

Besnosov, N. V., & I. A. Michailova. 1991. Higher taxa of Jurassic and Cretaceous Ammonitida. Paleontological Journal 25 (4): 1-19.

[CDH04] Callomon, J. H., D. T. Donovan & M. K. Howarth. 2004. F. A. Quenstedt’s trinomial nomenclature of Jurassic ammonites. Palaeontology 47 (4): 1063–1073.

[DM92] Doguzhaeva, L. A., & H. Mutvei. 1992. Radula of the early Cretaceous ammonite Aconeceras (Mollusca: Cephalopoda). Palaeontographica Abteilung A: Paläozoologie—Stratigraphie 223: 167–177.

[EK02] Engeser, T., & H. Keupp. 2002. Phylogeny of the aptychi-possessing Neoammonoidea (Aptychophora nov., Cephalopoda). Lethaia 35: 79–96.

[F71] Fletcher, H. O. 1971. Catalogue of type specimens of fossils in the Australian Museum, Sydney. Australian Museum Memoir 13: 1–167.

[H04] Haeckel, E. 1899–1904. Kunstformen der Natur. Bibliographisches Institut: Leipzig und Wien.

[H79] Hölder, H. 1979. Jurassic. In: Robison, R. A., & C. Teichert (eds) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt A. Introduction. Fossilisation (Taphonomy), Biogeography and Biostratigraphy pp. A390–A417. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).

[Ka79] Kauffman, E. G. 1979. Cretaceous. In: Robison, R. A., & C. Teichert (eds) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt A. Introduction. Fossilisation (Taphonomy), Biogeography and Biostratigraphy pp. A418–A487. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).

[Ku79] Kummel, B. 1979. Triassic. In: Robison, R. A., & C. Teichert (eds) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt A. Introduction. Fossilisation (Taphonomy), Biogeography and Biostratigraphy pp. A351–A389. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).

[M08] McMillan, I. K. 2008. Reappraisal of foraminiferal assemblages of the Santonia-Campanian Mzamba Formation type section, and their correlation with the stratigraphic succession of the KwaZulu Basin. African Natural History 4: 25–34.

[MR77] Murphy, M. A., & P. U. Rodda. 1977. The type specimens of Ammonites hoffmanni Gabb and Melchiorites indigenes Anderson (Cretaceous: Ammonoidea). Veliger 20 (2): 78–81.

[TLY03] Tanabe, K., N. H. Landman & Y. Yoshioka. 2003. Intra- and interspecific variation in the early internal shell features of some Cretaceous ammonoids. Journal of Paleontology 77 (5): 876–887.

[T64] Teichert, C. 1964. Endoceratoidea. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt K. Mollusca 3. Cephalopoda—General Features—Endoceratoidea—Actinoceratoidea—Nautiloidea—Bactritoidea pp. K160–K189. The Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas Press.

[W77] White, C. A. 1877. Report upon the invertebrate fossils collected in portions of Nevada, Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona, by parties of the expeditions of 1871, 1872, 1873, and 1874. U.S. Geographical Surveys West of the One Hundredth Meridian 4 (1): 1–219, pls 1–21.