Sminthuridae

Sminthurides aquaticus, copyright Andy Murray.

Belongs within: Collembola.
Contains: Katiannini, Sminthurini, Bourletiellini.

The Sminthuridae are a family of globular springtails in which the antennae are elongate, with the distalmost segment equal to or longer than the penultimate segment (Greenslade 1991). In members of the subfamilies Sminthuridinae and Katianninae, the corpus of the retinaculum bears lateral appendages at the base of the rami; such appendages are absent in Sminthurinae (Womersley 1939).

<==Sminthuridae [Smithurididae]
    |  i. s.: Stenognathriopes CP02
    |         Papiroides CP02
    |         Spatulosminthurus flaviceps (Tullberg 1871) SL06
    |         Brevimucronus Christiansen & Pike 2002 CP02
    |           `--*B. anomalus Christiansen & Pike 2002 CP02
    |         Keratopygos Christiansen & Pike 2002 CP02
    |           `--*K. megalos Christiansen & Pike 2002 CP02
    |         Pararrhopalites Bonet & Tellez 1948 CB81
    |--Katianninae G91
    |    |  i. s.: Collophora Richards 1964 CB81
    |    |           `--*C. quadrioculata (Denis 1933) [=Arrhopalites quadrioculata] CB81
    |    |--Katiannini W39
    |    `--Adelphoderia [Spinothecini] G91
    |         `--A. regina G91
    |--Sminthurinae G91
    |    |  i. s.: Vesicephalus Richards 1964 CB81
    |    |           |--*V. longisetis (Guthrie 1903) [=Sminthurus longisetis, Neosminthurus longisetis] CB81
    |    |           `--V. occidentalis (Mills 1935) [=Neosminthurus occidentalis] CB81
    |    |--Sminthurini G91
    |    `--Bourletiellini G91
    `--Sminthuridinae G91
         |--Pygicornides Betsch & Massoud 1972 W74
         |    `--P. torridus MC13
         `--Sminthurides Börner 1900 [incl. Prosminthurus Willem 1900; Sminthuridini] W39
              |  i. s.: S. assimilis (Krausbauer 1898) [=Sminthurus assimilis] CB81
              |         S. distinctus Linnaniemi 1912 CB81
              |         S. penicillifer (Schäffer 1896) [=Sminthurus penicillifer] CB81
              |         S. pseudassimilis Stach 1956 CB81
              |         S. pseudoviolaceus Scott 1964 (n. d.) CB81
              |--S. (Sminthurides) W39
              |    |--*S. (S.) aquaticus (Bourlet 1843) CB81 (see below for synonymy)
              |    |--S. (S.) annulicornis Axelson 1905 CB81
              |    |--S. (S.) aureolus Maynard 1951 CB81
              |    |--S. (S.) bifidus Mills 1934 CB81
              |    |--S. (S.) globocerus Folsom & Mills 1938 CB81
              |    |--S. (S.) hyogramme Pedigo 1966 CB81
              |    |--S. (S.) lepus Mills 1934 CB81
              |    |--S. (S.) macnamarai Folsom & Mills 1938 CB81
              |    |--S. (S.) malmgreni (Tullberg 1876) (see below for synonymy) CB81
              |    |--S. (S.) occultus Mills 1934 CB81
              |    |--S. (S.) plicatus (Schött 1891) [=Sminthurus plicatus] CB81
              |    |--S. (S.) signatus Krausbauer 1898 W39 [incl. S. krausbaueri Folsom & Mills 1938 CB81]
              |    |--S. (S.) stagnalis Womersley 1934 W39
              |    |--S. (S.) terrestris Maynard 1951 CB81
              |    `--S. (S.) weichseli Christiansen & Bellinger 1981 CB81
              |--S. (Denisiella Folsom & Mills 1938) CB81
              |    |--S. (*D.) seurati Denis 1925 CB81
              |    `--S. (D.) sexpinnatus Denis 1931 CB81
              |--S. (Sphaeridia Linnaniemi 1912) CB81
              |    |--S. (*S.) pumilis (Krausbauer 1898) CB81 (see below for synonymy)
              |    `--S. (S.) serratus Folsom & Mills 1938 CB81
              `--S. (Stenacidia Börner 1906) [incl. Jeannenotia Stach 1956] CB81
                   |--S. (*S.) violacea (Reuter 1881) CB81 [=Sminthurus violaceus CB81, Jeannenotia violacea G91]
                   `--S. (S.) stachi Jeannenot 1955 [=*Jeannenotia stachi] CB81

*Sminthurides (Sminthurides) aquaticus (Bourlet 1843) CB81 [=Smynthurus aquaticus CB81, Sminthurus aquaticus W39; incl. Smynthurus amicus Folsom 1896 W39, Prosminthurus amicus W39, Sminthurides amicus W39, Sminthurus levanderi Reuter in Schött 1893 CB81, Sminthurus apicalis var. levanderi W39, Sminthurides aquaticus var. levanderi W39, Sminthurus aquaticus var. levanderi W39]

Sminthurides (Sminthurides) malmgreni (Tullberg 1876) [incl. Smi. malmgreni var. elegantulus Reuter 1881, Smi. immaculatus Axelson 1905, Smi. ludovicianus Folsom & Mills 1938, Smi. maculatus Agren 1903, Smi. palustris Folsom & Mills 1938, Smi. quadrilineatus Agren 1903, Smynthurus socialis Folsom 1896] CB81

Sminthurides (Sphaeridia) pumilis (Krausbauer 1898) CB81 [=Sminthurus pumilis CB81; incl. Sminthurides globosus Axelson 1902 W39, Smithurus minimus Schött 1893 (n. d.) CB81]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[CB81] Christiansen, K., & P. Bellinger. 1981. The Collembola of North America north of the Rio Grande: A taxonomic analysis vol. 4. Families Neelidae and Sminthuridae; glossary; bibliography; index. Grinnell College: Grinnell (Iowa).

[CP02] Christiansen, K., & E. Pike. 2002. Cretaceous Collembola (Arthropoda, Hexapoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Canada. Cretaceous Research 23: 165–188.

[G91] Greenslade, P. J. 1991. Collembola (springtails). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers vol. 1 pp. 252–264. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[MC13] Majer, J. D., S. K. Callan, K. Edwards, N. R. Gunawardene & C. K. Taylor. 2013. Baseline survey of the terrestrial invertebrate fauna of Barrow Island. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 83: 13–112.

[SL06] Schulz, H.-J., & P. Lymberakis. 2006. First contribution to the knowledge of the Collembola fauna of the White Mountains (Lefká Óri) in west Crete (Insecta, Collembola, Isotomidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 86 (2): 229–234.

[W74] Wallace, M. M. H. 1974. The entognathous hexapods. In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers. Supplement 1974 pp. 31–32.Melbourne University Press.

[W39] Womersley, H. 1939. Primitive Insects of South Australia: Silverfish, springtails, and their allies. South Australian Branch of the British Science Guild: Adelaide.

Last updated: 3 June 2022.