Calliergonaceae

Scorpidium scorpioides, photographed by K. H. Harms.

Belongs within: Hypnales.

The Calliergonaceae are a family of mosses found in damp habitats. Previously included in the Amblystegiaceae, they were separated on the basis of a molecular analysis by Vanderpoorten et al. (2002). Morphological synapomorphies of the family are that the leaves have the basal alar cells inflated, linear to shortly rectangular, rarely with a few cells quadrate, and the presence of pseudoparaphyllia, with all pseudoparaphyllia broader than in other families, triangular or ovate to suborbicular, and often very irregular in outline (Vanderpoorten et al. 2002). A well-supported clade in the molecular analysis united the taxa studied except 'Hygrohypnum' ochraceum and Scorpidium; inclusion of the latter two taxa in a broader clade was less well supported molecularly. Members of the type genus Calliergon are tall and often robust mosses found in bogs or on the ground; they have firm, patent or imbricate leaves (Dixon 1924).

<==Calliergonaceae
    |--‘Hygrohypnum’ ochraceum VH02
    `--+--Scorpidium (Schimp.) Limpr. 1899 VH02, SK02
       |    |--S. revolvens VH02
       |    `--S. scorpioides (Hedw.) Limpr. 1899 SK02
       `--+--Hamatocaulis vernicosus VH02
          `--+--Warnstorfia Loeske 1907 VH02, SK02
             |    |--W. exannulata (Schimp.) Loeske 1907 (see below for synonymy) SK02
             |    `--W. sarmentosa (Wahlenb.) Hedenäs 1993 [=Calliergon sarmentosum (Wahlenb.) Kindb. 1894] SK02
             `--+--Calliergon (Sull.) Kindb. 1894 VH02, SK02
                |    |--C. cordifolium VH02 [=Amblystegium cordifolium D24, Hypnum cordifolium D24]
                |    |--C. giganteum VH02 [=Amblystegium giganteum D24, Hypnum giganteum D24]
                |    |--‘Hypnum’ richardsoni [incl. H. breidleri] D24
                |    |--‘Hypnum’ sarmentosum [=Amblystegium sarmentosum] D24
                |    |--‘Hypnum’ schreberi [incl. Hylocomium parietinum] D24
                |    |--‘Hypnum’ trifarium [=Amblystegium trifarium] D24
                |    `--‘Hypnum’ turgescens [=Amblystegium turgescens] D24
                `--+--‘Warnstorfia’ fluitans (Hedw.) Loeske 1907 VH02, SK02 (see below for synonymy)
                   |    |--W. f. var. fluitans D03
                   |    |--‘Hypnum’ f. var. anglicum [incl. Amblystegium fluitans var. holtii] D24
                   |    |--‘Hypnum’ f. var. arnellii D24
                   |    |--‘Hypnum’ f. var. atlanticum D24
                   |    |--‘Hypnum’ f. var. falcatum non H. falcatum D24
                   |    |--‘Hypnum’ f. var. gracile non H. gracile D24
                   |    |--‘Hypnum’ f. var. jeanbernati [incl. H. fluitans var. paludosum] D24
                   |    |--‘Hypnum’ f. var. laculosa D03
                   |    |--‘Hypnum’ f. var. robertsiae D24
                   |    |--‘Hypnum’ f. var. setiforme D24
                   |    `--‘Hypnum’ f. var. squalidum Ren. & Dixon 1901 D24
                   `--+--Loeskypnum badium VH02
                      `--Straminergon Hedenäs 1993 VH02, SK02
                           `--S. stramineum (Dicks. ex Brid.) Hedenäs 1993 SK02 (see below for synonymy)

Straminergon stramineum (Dicks. ex Brid.) Hedenäs 1993 SK02 [=Amblystegium stramineum D24 Calliergon stramineum SK02, Hypnum stramineum D24]

Warnstorfia exannulata (Schimp.) Loeske 1907 [=Drepanocladus exannulatus (Bruch & Schimp.) Warnst. 1903; incl. Amblystegium campylopodioides Broth. 1935 (n. n.), Rhynchostegium pseudostramineum, Calliergidium pseudostramineum, Hypnum pseudostramineum (preoc.), Warnstorfia pseudostraminea, H. stramineoides, Rhynchostegium stramineoides (Sauerb.) Wijk & Margad. 1960] SK02

‘Warnstorfia’ fluitans (Hedw.) Loeske 1907 VH02, SK02 [=Hypnum fluitans SK02, Amblystegium fluitans SK02, Drepanocladus fluitans (Hedw.) Warnst. 1903 SK02; incl. D. fluitans var. falcatus (Jensen) Roth 1904 SK02, Hypnum pseudofluitans (n. n.) SK02]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[D24] Dixon, H. N. 1924. The Student's Handbook of British Mosses 3rd ed. V. V. Sumfield: Eastbourne.

[D03] Dusén, P. 1903. Patagonian and Fuegian mosses. In: Scott, W. B. (ed.) Reports of the Princeton University Expeditions to Patagonia, 1896–1899 vol. 8. Botany pp. 63–126. The University: Princeton (New Jersey).

[SK02] Streimann, H., & N. Klazenga. 2002. Catalogue of Australian Mosses. Flora of Australia Supplementary Series 17. Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra.

[VH02] Vanderpoorten, A., L. Hedenäs, C. J. Cox & A. J. Shaw. 2002. Phylogeny and morphological evolution of the Amblystegiaceae (Bryopsida). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 23 (1): 1–21.

Last updated: 7 January 2018.