Byrrhoidea

Heterocerus fenestratus, copyright Udo Schmidt.

Belongs within: Elateriformia.
Contains: Dryopidae, Ptilodactylidae, Psephenidae, Elmidae, Limnichidae.

The Byrrhoidea are a clade of often aquatic or riparian beetles that commonly have a specialised mode of wing-folding (Lawrence & Britton 1991).

<==Byrrhoidea [Dryopoidea, Psephenoidea] MW15
    |  i. s.: Sinodryopites Hong 2002 [Sinodryopitidae] H02
    |           `--*S. ovalifemorales Hong 2002 H02
    |         Expansifemoria Hong 2002 H02
    |           `--*E. orientalis Hong 2002 H02
    |         Brachypodites Hong 2002 H02
    |           `--*B. liaoningensis Hong 2002 H02
    |         Actinocerites Hong 2002 H02
    |           `--*A. punctatus Hong 2002 H02
    |--Byrrhidae MW15
    |    |  i. s.: Notolioon gemmatus (Lea 1920) [=Pedilophorus gemmatus] B14
    |    |         Cytilus B14
    |    |           |--C. alternatus (Say 1825) B14
    |    |           |--C. avunculus F89
    |    |           `--C. mimicus B14
    |    |--Byrrhinae MW15
    |    |    |--Byrrhus KB11
    |    |    |    |--B. australis B35
    |    |    |    |--B. pilula L02
    |    |    |    |--B. raucus Blackb. 1891 M96
    |    |    |    `--B. torrensensis Blackb. 1889 M96
    |    |    `--Simplocaria semistriata MW15
    |    `--Syncalyptinae KB11
    |         |--Chaetophora spinosa KB11
    |         |--Curimopsis setigera KB11
    |         |--Syncalypta P92
    |         `--Microchaetes MW15
    `--+--+--+--Dryopidae MW15
       |  |  `--Lutrochus [Lutrochidae] MW15
       |  |       |--L. arizonicus MW15
       |  |       `--L. germari Grouvelle 1889 B14
       |  `--Callirhipidae MW15
       |       |--Horatocera B14
       |       |--Zenoa picea B14
       |       |--Ennometes lacordairei LB91, M86
       |       |--Celadonia laportei (Hope 1846) B14
       |       |    |--C. l. laportei B14
       |       |    `--C. l. nigroimpressa B14
       |       `--Callirrhipis Latr. 1829 FS90
       |            |--C. cardwellensis LB91
       |            |--C. dejeanii B35
       |            |--C. insularis Cast. 1835 FS90
       |            |--C. lacordairei Cast. 1834 FS90
       |            |--C. lherminieri Cast. 1834 [incl. C. brunnea Cast. 1834] FS90
       |            `--C. ruficornis M86
       `--+--+--+--Ptilodactylidae MW15
          |  |  `--Podabrocephalus [Podabrocephalidae] MW15
          |  |       `--P. sinuaticollis Pic 1913 B14
          |  `--+--Anchycteis [Anchytarsinae] MW15
          |     |    `--A. velutina MW15
          |     `--Cneoglossa [Cneoglossidae] MW15
          |          |--C. edsoni B14
          |          `--C. lampyroides Champion 1897 B14
          `--+--+--Psephenidae MW15
             |  `--+--Elmidae MW15
             |     `--Eulichadidae MW15
             |          |--Stenocolus scutellaris MW15
             |          `--Eulichas B14
             |               |--E. sausai B14
             |               `--E. serricornis Hájek 2009 B14
             `--+--Chelonariidae MW15
                |    |--Brounia thoracica LE04
                |    `--+--Pseudochelonarium LE04
                |       `--Chelonarium Fab. 1801 LE04, FS90
                |            |--C. atrum L02
                |            |--C. australicum LB91
                |            |--C. ornatum Klug 1825 B14
                |            |--C. pilosellum Chv. 1880 FS90
                |            `--C. signatum B14
                `--+--Limnichidae MW15
                   `--Heteroceridae MW15
                        |--Elythomerus elongatulus LB91
                        |--Lanternarius gemmatus C91
                        |--Augyles maritimus KB11
                        |--Heterocerites kobdoensis Ponomarenko 1986 RJ93
                        `--Heterocerus MW15 [incl. Neoheterocerus B14; Heterocerinae]
                             |--H. angustatus B14
                             |--H. fenestratus MW15
                             |--H. flindersi Blackb. 1887 M96
                             |--H. gnatho LeConte 1863 B14
                             |--H. indistinctus Blackb. 1891 M96
                             |--H. lituratus G89
                             |--H. marginatus L02
                             |--H. multimaculatus Blackb. 1887 M96
                             |--H. salinus C01
                             `--H. victoriae Blackb. 1891 M96

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B35] Boisduval, J. B. 1835. Voyage de Découvertes de l’Astrolabe. Exécuté par ordre du Roi, pendant les années 1826–1827–1828–1829, sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Faune entomologique de l'océan Pacifique, avec l'illustration des insectes nouveaux recueillis pendant le voyage vol. 2. Coléoptères et autres ordres. J. Tastu: Paris.

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[C91] Chapman, R. F. 1991. General anatomy and function. In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 1 pp. 33–67. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[F89] Fairmaire, L. 1889. Coléoptères de l'intérieur de la Chine. 5^e partie. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 6^e série 9: 5–84.

[FS90] Fleutiaux, E., & A. Sallé. 1890. Liste des coléoptères de la Guadeloupe et descriptions d’espèces nouvelles. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 6^e série 9: 351–484.

[G89] Grouvelle, A. 1889. Voyage de M. E. Simon au Venezuela (Décembre 1887–Avril 1888). Coléoptéres, 2^e mémoire. Cucujidae, Rhysodidae, Dryopidae, Cyathoceridae, Heteroceridae. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 6^e série 9: 157–166, pl. 6.

[H02] Hong Y. 2002. Amber Insect of China. Beijing Scientific and Technological Publishing House.

[KB11] Kundrata, R., & L. Bocak. 2011. The phylogeny and limits of Elateridae (Insecta, Coleoptera): is there a common tendency of click beetles to soft-bodiedness and neoteny? Zoologica Scripta 40: 364–378.

[L02] Latreille, P. A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes vol. 3. Familles naturelles des genres. F. Dufart: Paris.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[LE04] Leschen, R., & J. Early. 2004. New collection of Brounia thoracica (Coleoptera: Chelonariidae). Weta 27: 15–21.

[M86] Masters, G. 1886. Catalogue of the described Coleoptera of Australia. Part IV. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (2): 259–380.

[M96] Masters, G. 1896. Catalogue of the described Coleoptera of Australia. Supplement, part II. Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae, Hydrophyllidae, Staphylinidae, Pselaphidae, Paussidae, Silphidae, Scaphididae, Histeridae, Phalacridae, Nitidulidae, Trogositidae, Colydiidae, Cucujidae, Cryptophagidae, Lathridiidae, Mycetophagidae, Dermestidae, Byrrhidae, Parnidae, Heteroceridae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 21 (Suppl.): 695–754.

[MW15] McKenna, D. D., A. L. Wild, K. Kanda, C. L. Bellamy, R. G. Beutel, M. S. Caterino, C. W. Farnum, D. C. Hawks, M. A. Ivie, M. L. Jameson, R. A. B. Leschen, A. E. Marvaldi, J. V. McHugh, A. F. Newton, J. A. Robertson, M. K. Thayer, M. F. Whiting, J. F. Lawrence, A. Ślipiński, D. R. Maddison & B. D. Farrell. 2015. The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution. Systematic Entomology 40 (4): 835–880.

[P92] Poinar, G. O., Jr. 1992. Life in Amber. Stanford University Press: Stanford.

[RJ93] Ross, A. J., & E. A. Jarzembowski. 1993. Arthropoda (Hexapoda; Insecta). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 363–426. Chapman & Hall: London.