Belongs within: Tenebrionoidea.
Contains: Nemognathini, Eletica, Meloe, Lyttini, Cerocomini, Eupomphini, Epicauta, Mylabris, Hycleus.
The Meloidae, blister beetles, are a group of soft-bodied beetles whose larvae are often parasitoids on bees. The vernacular name of the group refers to the production by adults of caustic defensive chemicals, cantharidins. Ontogeny is hypermetamorphic in most subfamilies (with the possible exception of Eleticinae) with active first-instar larvae seeking a suitable host. First instar larvae of Nemognathinae and Tetraonycinae (and a small number of Meloinae) are phoretic, attaching to hosts visiting flowers in order to be carried to their nest (Bologna & Pinto 2002).
Characters (from Lawrence & Britton 1991): Elongate, moderately convex, soft-bodied beetles, often bicoloured with red or yellow and black or blue, sometimes uniformly red or metallic blue or violet. Body subglabrous or clothed with short, decumbent hairs; head strongly constricted behind eyes to form narrow neck; antenna 11-segmented, filiform or serrate. Prothorax usually narrowed anteriorly, lacking lateral carinae: fore coxae projecting, trochantin exposed; fore coxal cavities open internally and externally. Tarsal formula 5-5-4, tarsal claws pectinate with blade-like process beneath each claw. Abdomen with six ventrites. Larvae of three types: minute, fusiform, well-sclerotised triungulin with long legs; grub-like, ectoparasitic larva, lightly sclerotised, with short legs and hypognathous head: coarctate form with reduced mouth-parts and appendages.
Meloidae [Cantharidiae]
|--Nemognathinae [Zonitinae] B14
| | i. s.: Palaestra BP02
| | |--P. eucera Fairm. 1877 M86
| | |--P. platycera Fairm. 1880 M86
| | |--P. quadrifoveata Fairm. 1880 M86
| | |--P. rubripennis M86
| | `--P. rufocincta Fairm. 1880 M86
| | Tricraniodes stansburyi K63
| | Hornia [Horniina] K63
| | |--H. gigantea R35
| | `--H. minutipennis A71
| | Sytarobrachys K63
| |--Nemognathini BP02
| |--Stenodera Eschscholtz 1818 [incl. Zonitides Abeille de Perrin 1880; Stenoderini] BP02
| | | i. s.: S. anatolica Frivaldsky 1884 BP02
| | | S. djakonovi Aksentjev 1978 BP02
| | | S. foveicollis (Fairmaire 1897) BP02
| | | S. oculifera (Abeille de Perrin 1880) [=*Zonitides oculifer] BP02
| | |--S. caucasica (Pallas 1782) B14, BP02 [=Meloe caucasica BP02; incl. *S. sexpunctata Eschscholtz 1818 BP02]
| | `--S. (Stenoderina Aksentjev 1988) BP02
| | |--S. (*S.) puncticollis (Chevrolat 1834) BP02, B14 [=Zonitis puncticollis BP02]
| | `--S. (S.) palaestina B14
| `--Horiini [Horiales, Horiinae] BP02
| |--Meloetyphlus K63
| |--Horia Fabricius 1787 [incl. Hoplozonitis Blackburn 1892] BP02
| | |--*H. testacea (Fabricius 1871) [=Lymexylon testaceum; incl. H. fabriciana Betrem 1929] BP02
| | |--H. maculata Sweder 1787 FS90
| | `--H. mira (Blackburn 1892) LB91, BP02 [=*Hoplozonitis mira BP02]
| `--Synhoria Kolbe 1897 BP02
| |--*S. cephalotes (Olivier 1792) [=Horia cephalotes] BP02
| |--S. senegalensis (Lap. 1840) BP02
| `--S. testacea K63
|--Eleticinae BP02
| |--Eleticini BP02
| | | i. s.: ‘Lytta’ elegantula Péringuey 1909 BP02
| | `--Eletica BP02
| |--Derideini BP02
| | |--Deridea Westwood 1875 BP02
| | | |--*D. curculionides Westwood 1875 BP02
| | | `--D. notata Thomas 1897 [incl. D. notata minor Kaszab 1960] BP02
| | |--Iselma Haag-Rutenberg 1879 BP02
| | | |--*I. ursus (Thunberg 1791) [=Meloe ursus] BP02
| | | |--I. brunneipes Haag-R. 1879 K63, BP02
| | | `--I. pallidipennis MW15
| | `--Iselmeletica Kaszab 1966 BP02
| | `--*I. flabellicornis Kaszab 1966 BP02
| `--Morphozonitini [Ertliini] BP02
| |--Afrospasta Bologna 1995 BP02
| | `--*A. borana Bologna 1995 BP02
| |--Morphozonitis Pic 1922 [incl. Ertlia Borchman 1942 non Aurivillius 1907, Ertliana Selander 1964] BP02
| | |--*M. atripennis Pic 1922 BP02
| | `--‘*Ertlia’ fasciata Borchmann 1942 [=*Ertliana fasciata] BP02
| |--Ceriselma Borchmann 1942 BP02
| | `--*C. methneri Borchmann 1942 BP02
| `--Steniselma Borchmann 1942 BP02
| `--*S. brunnea Borchmann 1942 BP02
|--Tetraonyx Latr. 1833 FS90 [Tetraonycinae BP02]
| |--T. cubensis B90
| |--T. frontalis I92
| |--T. fulvus K63
| `--T. quadrimaculatus Fab. 1792 FS90 [incl. T. cruciatus B90]
`--Meloinae MW15
|--Meloini BP02
| |--Meloe K63
| |--Oreomeloe Tan 1981 BP02
| | `--*O. spinulus Tan 1981 BP02
| `--Physomeloe Reitter 1911 BP02
| `--*P. corallifer (Germar 1818) BP02 (see below for synonymy)
|--Lyttini K63
|--Cerocomini K63
|--Eupomphini K63
|--Wagneronota [Pyrotini] K63
|--Epicautini K63
| |--Epicauta MW15
| |--Denierella Kaszab 1952 BP02
| | `--*D. incompleta (Fairmaire 1896) [=Cantharis incompleta] BP02
| |--Psalydolytta Péringuey 1909 [incl. Gnathospastoides Fletcher 1914] BP02
| | |--*P. lorigera (Gerstaecker 1854) [=Lytta lorigera] BP02
| | |--P. fasciculata (Pic 1920) BP02
| | |--P. laticornis K63
| | |--‘Lytta’ rouxii Castelnau 1840 [=*Gnathospastoides rouxii] BP02
| | `--P. sheffieldi (Pic 1909) BP02
| `--Cyaneolytta Péringuey 1909 BP02
| |--*C. signifrons (Fahraeus 1870) [=Lytta signifrons] BP02
| |--C. crambeli BP02
| |--C. depressicornis (Lap. 1840) BP02
| |--C. granulipennis (Laporte de Castelnau 1840) [=Lytta granulipennis] G-PR05
| `--C. lepineyi BP02
`--Mylabrini K63
|--Mylabris K63
|--Lydoceras Marseul 1870 [incl. Denierus Pic 1913, Deniorus (l. c.)] BP02
| |--*L. fasciata (Fabricius 1775) [=Mylabris fasciata] BP02
| `--L. stanleyana (Duvivier 1890) [=Zonabris (Mylabris) stanleyana] BP02
|--Ceroctis Marseul 1870 BP02
| |--*C. trizonata (Reiche 1865) [=Mylabris trizonata] BP02
| |--C. capensis (Linné 1767) BP02
| |--C. corynoides K63
| |--C. exclamationis (Mars. 1872) BP02
| `--C. groendali (Billberg 1813) BP02
|--Semenovilia Kuzin 1954 BP02
| `--*S. fischeri (Gebler 1847) [=Mylabris fischeri] K63
|--Xanthabris Kaszab 1956 BP02
| `--*X. baluchistana Kaszab 1956 BP02
|--Mimesthes Marseul 1872 BP02
| |--*M. maculicollis Marseul 1872 BP02
| `--M. karooensis Bologna 2000 BP02
|--Pseudabris Fairmaire 1894 BP02
| |--P. przewalskyi (Dokhtouroff 1887) K63, BP02 (see below for synonymy)
| `--P. hingstoni BP02
|--Paractenodia Péringuey 1904 BP02
| |--*P. parva Péringuey 1904 BP02
| `--P. damarensis K63
|--Actenodia Laporte de Castelnau 1840 [incl. Rusadiria Pardo Alcaide 1954] BP02
| |--*A. guttata Laporte de Castelnau 1840 BP02
| |--A. billbergi (Gyllenhal 1817) G-PR05 (see below for synonymy)
| |--A. distincta (Chevrolat 1837) [incl. Coryna distincta var. andalusiaca Pic 1916] G-PR05
| |--A. mirabilis Kaszab 1952 BP02
| |--A. perfuga (Dvorak 1993] [=Paractenodia perfuga] BP02
| |--A. suturifera (Pic 1896) BP02
| `--A. waziristanica Kaszab 1958 BP02
|--Croscherichia Pardo Alcaide 1950 [incl. Lybicisca Kuzin 1954] BP02
| |--C. paykulli (Billberg 1813) G-PR05 (see below for synonymy)
| |--C. angulata K63
| |--C. gilvipes (Chev. 1838) BP02
| |--C. litigiosa K63
| |--C. sanguinolenta (Olivier 1811) B14, BP02 (see below for synonymy)
| `--C. sonyae (Kaszab 1983) [=Mylabris (Gorrizia) sonyae] BP02
`--Hycleus BP02
Meloidae incertae sedis:
Tmesidera C91
|--T. assimilis Hope 1842 M86
|--T. rubricollis Hope 1842 M86
|--T. rufipennis Westw. 1841 M86
`--T. violacea Hope 1842 M86
Parameloe alatus K63
Lyttomeloe K63
Pseudozonitis K63
Pycnoseus rubrofasciatus K63
Denierota kraatzi [=Pyrota kraatzi] K63
Zonitolytta K63
Spastica femoralis K63, B90 [=Lytta femoralis B90]
Tricrania K63
Nomen nudum: Oenas villiger Salvañá Comas 1870 G-PR05
Actenodia billbergi (Gyllenhal 1817) G-PR05 [=Mylabris bilbergi G-PR05, Coryna billbergi G-PR05, Dices billbergi G-PR05, Hycleus bilbergi G-PR05, Mylabris (*Rusadiria) billbergi BP02, Zonabris bilbergi G-PR05]
Croscherichia paykulli (Billberg 1813) G-PR05 [=Mylabris paykulii G-PR05; incl. M. circumflexa Chevrolat 1837 G-PR05, *Croscherichia circumflexa BP02, Zonabris circumflexa G-PR05]
Croscherichia sanguinolenta (Olivier 1811) B14, BP02 [=Mylabris sanguinolenta BP02, *Lybicisca sanguinolenta BP02]
*Physomeloe corallifer (Germar 1818) BP02 [=Meloe corallifer G-PR05; incl. M. corallifer var. evae Flach 1907 G-PR05]
Pseudabris przewalskyi (Dokhtouroff 1887) K63, BP02 [=Zonabris przewalskyi BP02; incl. *P. tigriodera Fairmaire 1894 BP02]
*Type species of generic name indicated
REFERENCES
[A71] Askew, R. R. 1971. Parasitic Insects. Heinemann Educational Books: London.
[B90] Beauregard, M. 1890. Notes synonymiques suivantes relativement à quelques espèces de la tribu des vésicants. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 6e série 9: ccxii–ccxiii.
[BP02] Bologna, M. A., & J. D. Pinto. 2002. The Old World genera of Meloidae (Coleoptera): a key and synopsis. Journal of Natural History 36 (17): 2013–2102.
[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).
[C91] CSIRO. 1991. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2nd ed. vol. 1. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).
[FS90] Fleutiaux, E., & A. Sallé. 1890. Liste des coléoptères de la Guadeloupe et descriptions d’espèces nouvelles. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 6e série 9: 351–484.
[G-PR05] García-París, M., & J. L. Ruiz. 2005. Bibliografía y registros Ibero-Baleares de Meloidae (Coleoptera) publicados hasta la aparición del “Catálogo sistemático geográfico de los coleópteros observados en la Península Ibérica, Pirineos propiamente dichos y Baleares” de J. M. de la Fuente (1933). Graellsia 61 (2): 225–255.
[I92] Imes, R. 1992. The Practical Entomologist. Aurum Press: London.
[K63] Kaszab, Z. 1963. Merkmale der Adaptation, Spezialisation, Konvergenz, Korrelation und Progression bei den Meloiden (Coleoptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 9 (1–2): 135–175.
[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).
[M86] Masters, G. 1886. Catalogue of the described Coleoptera of Australia. Part IV. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (2): 259–380.
[MW15] McKenna, D. D., A. L. Wild, K. Kanda, C. L. Bellamy, R. G. Beutel, M. S. Caterino, C. W. Farnum, D. C. Hawks, M. A. Ivie, M. L. Jameson, R. A. B. Leschen, A. E. Marvaldi, J. V. McHugh, A. F. Newton, J. A. Robertson, M. K. Thayer, M. F. Whiting, J. F. Lawrence, A. Ślipiński, D. R. Maddison & B. D. Farrell. 2015. The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution. Systematic Entomology 40 (4): 835–880.
[R35] Rayment, T. 1935. A Cluster of Bees: Sixty essays on the life-histories of Australian bees, with specific descriptions of over 100 new species. Endeavour Press: Sydney.
Last updated: 4 April 2022.
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