Endothyrinae

Endothyra baileyi, from Lousville Fossils.

Belongs within: Fusulinida.

The Endothyrinae are a group of enrolled foraminifera known from the Upper Devonian to the Permian. The plane of coiling of the test often changes during growth, sometimes gradually (plectogyral growth) or sometimes with an abrupt turn of up to 90°. Members of the genera Endothyranella and Rectoseptaglomospiranella become uncoiled and rectilinear in later sections of the test (Loeblich & Tappan 1964a).

Characters (from Loeblich & Tappan 1964a): Test enrolled, planispiral to streptospiral, possibly uncoiling in later stages; may be incompletely septate; wall of granular calcite, nonporous, with two or three distinct layers in well-preserved specimens, may have agglutinated material in addition; aperture single, simple, basal or areal.

<==Endothyrinae [Plectogyrinae]
    |--+--Septammina Meunier 1888 C40
    |  |    |--*S. renaulti Meunier 1888 C40
    |  |    `--S. bradyi C40
    |  `--Endothyranella Galloway & Harlton in Galloway & Ryniker 1930 C40 (see below for synonymy)
    |       |--*E. powersi (Harlton 1927) [=Ammobaculites powersi] LT64a
    |       |--E. mirabilis (Lipina 1948) [=Spiroplectammina mirabilis, *Rectochernyshinella mirabilis] LT64a
    |       `--E. pygmaea (Malakhova 1954) [=Ammobaculites pygmaeus, *Chernyshinellina pygmaea] LT64a
    `--Endothyra Phillips 1846 (nom. cons.) C40 (see below for synonymy)
         |--*E. bowmani Phillips 1846 (nom. cons.) [incl. E. bradyi Mikhaylov 1939, Involutina lobata Brady 1870] LT64a
         |--E. baileyi LT64a
         |--E. fomichaensis Lebedeva 1954 [=*Plectogyrina fomichaensis] LT64a
         |--E. globulus F71
         |--E. media C40
         |--E. pauciseptata R79
         |--E. plectogyra (Zeller 1950) [=*Plectogyra plectogyra] LT64a
         |--E. prisca R79
         `--E. timanica Durkina 1959 CV01

Endothyrinae incertae sedis:
  Kahlerina Kochansky-Devidé & Ramovs 1955 (see below for synonymy) LT64a
    |--*K. pachytheca Kochansky-Devidé & Ramovs 1955 LT64a
    `--K. ussurica (Sosnina in Kiparisova et al. 1956) [=*Ussuriella ussurica] LT64a
  Novella Grozdilova & Lebedeva 1950 LT64a
    `--*N. evoluta Grozdilova & Lebedeva 1950 LT64a
  Paraendothyra Chernysheva 1940 LT64a
    `--*P. nalivkini Chernysheva 1940 LT64a
  Paraplectogyra Okimura 1958 LT64a
    `--*P. masanae Okimura 1958 LT64a
  Rectoseptaglomospiranella Reytlinger 1961 LT64a
    |--*R. asiatica (Reytlinger 1961) [=Septaglomospiranella (*Rectoseptaglomospiranella) asiatica] LT64a
    `--R. elegantula E03
  Seminovella Rauzer-Chernousova 1951 LT64a
    `--*S. elegantula (Rauzer-Chernousova 1951) [=Eostaffella (*Seminovella) elegantula] LT64a
  Pseudonovella Kireeva 1949 LT64b

Endothyra Phillips 1846 (nom. cons.) C40 [incl. Plectogyra Zeller 1950 LT64a, Plectogyrina Reytlinger in Rauzer-Chernousova & Fursenko 1959 LT64a]

Endothyranella Galloway & Harlton in Galloway & Ryniker 1930 C40 [incl. Chernyshinellina Reytlinger in Rauzer-Chernousova & Fursenko 1959 LT64a, Rectochernyshinella Lipina 1960 LT64a]

Kahlerina Kochansky-Devidé & Ramovs 1955 [incl. Ussuriella Sosnina in Kiparisova et al. 1956 non Paramonov 1929] LT64a

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[CV01] Cózar, P., & D. Vachard. 2001. Dainellinae subfam. nov. (Foraminiferida du Carbomifère inférieur), révision et nouveaux taxons. Geobios 34 (5): 505–526.

[C40] Cushman, J. A. 1940. Foraminifera: Their classification and economic use 3^rd ed. Harvard University Press: Cambridge (Massachusetts).

[E03] Edgell, H. S. 2003. Upper Devonian Charophyta of Western Australia. Micropaleontology 49 (4): 359–374.

[F71] Fletcher, H. O. 1971. Catalogue of type specimens of fossils in the Australian Museum, Sydney. Australian Museum Memoir 13: 1–167.

[LT64a] Loeblich, A. R., Jr & H. Tappan. 1964a. Sarcodina: chiefly “thecamoebians” and Foraminiferida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt C. Protista 2 vol. 1. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press.

[LT64b] Loeblich, A. R., Jr & H. Tappan. 1964b. Sarcodina: chiefly “thecamoebians” and Foraminiferida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt C. Protista 2 vol. 2. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press.

[R79] Ross, C. A. 1979. Carboniferous. In: Robison, R. A., & C. Teichert (eds) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt A. Introduction. Fossilisation (Taphonomy), Biogeography and Biostratigraphy pp. A254–A290. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).