Euomphalidae

Euomphalus pentangulatus in the Paläontologische Museum München, copyright Ghedoghedo.

Belongs within: Macluritina.

The Euomphalidae are a group of often discoidal gastropods known from the Ordovician to the Triassic, generally with a sharp dorsal ridge marking the position of the exhalant channel.

Characters (from Knight et al. 1960): Shell mostly discoidal with wide umbilicus, but varying widely in form; abandoned early part of whorls closed off by septa; presumed exhalant channel generally present within outer-upper angulation, rarely with short slit or selenizone; outer calcitic shell may be pigmented, foreign materials such as other shells may be cemented to outer surface.

Euomphalidae [Euomphalinae, Euomphalopteridae, Euomphalopterinae, Schizostomidae]
    |--Phymatifer deKoninck 1881 FBL02, KC60
    |--Nodeuomphalus FBL02
    |--Schizostoma Bronn 1835 [Schizostomatidae, Schizostomica] BR05
    |--Serpulospira Cossmann 1915 FBL02 [=Serpularia Roemer 1843 nec Fries 1829 nec Münster 1840 KC60
    |    `--*S. centrifuga (Romer 1843) [=*Serpularia centrifuga, Straparollus (*Serpulospira) centrifugus] KC60
    |--Poleumita Clarke & Ruedemann 1903 BR05 (see below for synonymy)
    |    `--*P. discors (Sowerby 1814) [=Euomphalus discors, *Polytropina discors, *Polytropis discors] KC60
    |--Planotectus Yochelson 1956 KC60
    |    `--*P. cymbellatus Yochelson 1956 KC60
    |--Tongweispira Tong & Erwin 2001 TE01
    |    `--*T. sichuanensis Tong & Erwin 2001 TE01
    |--Heteronodosus Pan & Zhang 1983 PZ83
    |    `--*H. giganteus Pan & Zhang 1983 PZ83
    |--Centrifugus Bronn 1834 [=Hisingeria Ulrich & Scofield 1897, Inachus Hisinger 1837 non Fabricius 1798] KC60
    |    `--*C. planorbis Bronn 1834 [=*Hisingeria planorbis, *Inachus planorbis] KC60
    |--Pleuronotus Hall 1879 KC60
    |    `--*P. decewi (Billings 1861) [=Euomphalus decewi] KC60
    |--Mastigospira LaRocque 1949 KC60
    |    `--*M. alatus (Whiteaves 1892) [=Hyolithes alatus] KC60
    |--Odontomaria Roemer 1876 KC60
    |    `--*O. elephantina Roemer 1876 KC60
    |--Micromphalus Knight 1945 KC60
    |    `--*M. turris Knight 1945 KC60
    |--Phanerotinus Sowerby 1844 [=Phanerotina Paetel 1875] KC60
    |    `--*P. cristatus (Phillips 1836) [=Euomphalus cristatus] KC60
    |--Anisostoma Koken 1889 [=Platystoma Hörnes 1855 non Meigen 1803] KC60
    |    `--*A. suessi (Hörnes 1855) [=*Platystoma suessi] KC60
    |--Condonella McClellan 1927 KC60
    |    `--*C. suciensis McClellan 1927 KC60
    |--Coelodiscus Brösamlen 1909 KC60
    |    |--*C. minutus (Zieten 1832) [=Euomphalus minutus] KC60
    |    `--C. aratus KC60
    |--Woehrmannia Böhm 1895 KC60
    |    |--*W. boehmi Kittl 1899 KC60
    |    `--W. lineata KC60
    |--Crenilunula Knight 1945 LYR78
    |    |--*C. limata (Lindström 1884) [=Pleurotomaria limata] KC60
    |    `--C. markhaensis Peel & Gubanov 1997 FBL02
    |--Lytospira Koken 1896 FBL02
    |    |--*L. angelini (Lindström 1884) [=Euomphalus angelini] KC60
    |    |--L. exarata (Hadding 1913) [=Hyolithes exaratus, Hyolithus (l. c.) exaratus] M02
    |    `--L. norvegica Koken 1925 M02
    |--Nummocalcar Cossmann 1896 KC60
    |    |--*N. (Nummocalcar) polygonium (d’Archiac 1843) [=Solarium polygonium] KC60
    |    `--N. (Platybasis Cossmann 1916) KC60
    |         `--N. (*P.) pulchellus (d’Orbigny 1850) [=Straparollus pulchellus] KC60
    |--Euomphalopterus Römer 1876 BR05
    |    |  i. s.: E. gasconensis LYR78
    |    |--E. (Euomphalopterus) LYR78 [=Evomphalopterus Fischer 1885 KC60; incl. Bathmopterus Kirk 1928 LYR78]
    |    |    `--*E. (E.) alatus (Wahlenberg 1821) [=Turbinites alatus] KC60
    |    `--E. (Pleuromphalus Lindström 1884) LYR78
    |         `--E. (*P.) seductor (Perner 1903) [=*Pleuromphalus seductor] KC60
    |--Cylicioscapha Yochelson 1956 PE02
    |    |--*C. texana (Yochelson 1956) [=Amphiscapha (*Cylicioscapha) texana] KC60
    |    |--C. alta Pan 1984 PE02
    |    |--C. giganteus PE02
    |    |--C. longlingensis Pan 1985 PE02
    |    |--C. multinodosa Pan 1983 [incl. Euomphalus gigantonodus Wang 1985] PE02
    |    |--C. siensis Qiao 1983 PE02
    |    |--C. subquadrata P85
    |    `--C. williamsi PE02
    |--Straparollus Montfort 1810 [Straparollidae, Straparollinae] BR05
    |    |  i. s.: S. nodocarinatus Wanner 1922 W63
    |    |--*S. (Straparollus) dionysii deMontfort 1810 KC60
    |    |--S. (Amphiscapha Knight 1942) KC60
    |    |    `--S. (*A.) reedsi Knight 1934 KC60
    |    |--S. (Eleutherospira Blodgett & Johnson 1992) FB04
    |    |    `--S. (E.) medfraensis Blodgett & Johnson 1992 FB04
    |    |--S. (Leptomphalus Yochelson 1956) KC60
    |    |    `--S. (*L.) micidus Yochelson 1956 KC60
    |    `--S. (Philoxene Kayser 1889) KC60
    |         `--S. (*P.) laevis (d’Archiac & deVerneuil 1842) [=Euomphalus laevis] KC60
    `--Euomphalus Sowerby 1814 BR05 (see below for synonymy)
         |--*E. pentangulatus Sowerby 1814 [=Straparollus (*Euomphalus) pentangulatus] W63
         |--‘Paromphalus’ ammonitiformis (Etheridge 1902) F71, W63 [=Straparollus ammonitiformis F71]
         |--E. catilliformis W63
         |--E. cera Etheridge 1896 F71
         |--E. culleni Dun 1898 F71
         |--E. latus W77
         |--E. levicarinatus (Yochelson 1956) [=Straparollus (Euomphalus) levicarinatus] W63
         |--E. luxus White 1877 W77
         |--E. pernodosus (Meek & Worthen 1870) [=Straparollus (Euomphalus) pernodosus] W77
         |--E. pronodocarinatus Pan & Yu 1993 PE02
         |--E. pusilliformis Wanner 1922 W63
         `--‘*Elkoceras’ volborthi Lintz & Lohr 1958 T64

Euomphalus Sowerby 1814 BR05 [incl. Amphelissa Etheridge 1921 KC60, Elkoceras Lintz & Lohr 1958 T64, Liomphalus Chapman 1916 KC60, Paromphalus Grabau 1936 KC60]

Poleumita Clarke & Ruedemann 1903 BR05 [=Polytropina Donald 1905 KC60, Polytropis de Koninck 1881 non Sandberger 1875 BR05, Polytrophis (l. c.) BR05; Poleumitidae, Polytrophidae, Polytropidae]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BR05] Bouchet, P., J.-P. Rocroi, J. Frýda, B. Hausdorf, W. Ponder, Á. Valdés & A. Warén. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1-2): 1-397.

[F71] Fletcher, H. O. 1971. Catalogue of type specimens of fossils in the Australian Museum, Sydney. Australian Museum Memoir 13: 1-167.

[FB04] Frýda, J., & R. B. Blodgett. 2004. New Emsian (Late Early Devonian) gastropods from Limestone Mountain, Medfra B-4 quadrangle, west-central Alaska (Farewell Terrane), and their paleobiogeographic affinities and evolutionary significance. Journal of Paleontology 78 (1): 111-132.

[FBL02] Frýda, J., R. B. Blodgett & A. C. Lenz. 2002. New Early Devonian gastropods from the families Crassimarginatidae (new family) and Scoliostomatidae (new family), Royal Creek area, Yukon Territory, Canada. Journal of Paleontology 76 (2): 246-255.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia, pp. I169-I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[LYR78] Linsley, R. M., E. L. Yochelson & D. M. Rohr. 1978. A reinterpretation of the mode of life of some Paleozoic frilled gastropods. Lethaia 11: 105-112.

[M02] Malinky, J. M. 2002. A revision of Early to Mid Ordovician hyoliths from Sweden. Palaeontology 45: 511-555.

[PE02] Pan, H.-Z., & D. H. Erwin. 2002. Gastropods from the Permian of Guangxi and Yunnan Provinces, south China. Journal of Paleontology 76 (Memoir 56): 1-49.

[P85] Pan Y.-T. 1985. Fossil Gastropoda from the Permian of Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Guangxi. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 24 (1): 29-37.

[PZ83] Pan Y.-T. & Zhang Y.-C. 1983. Heteronodosus, a new genus of Gastropoda from Lower Permian of Sichuan. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 22 (5): 593-595.

[T64] Teichert, C. 1964. Doubtful taxa. In Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt. K. Mollusca 3. Cephalopoda—General Features—Endoceratoidea—Actinoceratoidea—Nautiloidea—Bactritoidea (R. C. Moore, ed.) pp. K484-K490. The Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas Press.

[TE01] Tong, J., & D. H. Erwin. 2001. Triassic gastropods of the southern Qinling Mountains, China. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 92: 1-47.

[W63] Waterhouse, J. B. 1963. Permian gastropods of New Zealand. Part 1—Bellerophontacea and Euomphalacea. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 6 (1): 88-112.

[W77] White, C. A. 1877. Report upon the invertebrate fossils collected in portions of Nevada, Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona, by parties of the expeditions of 1871, 1872, 1873, and 1874. U.S. Geographical Surveys West of the One Hundredth Meridian 4 (1): 1-219, pls 211-221.