Lumbricidae

Bimastos parvus, from here.

Belongs within: Lumbricoidea.

The Lumbricidae are a cosmopolitan family of earthworms including many human-associated species such as the nightcrawler Lumbricus terrestris.

Characters (from Schwert 1990): Clitellum beginning on or behind segment 19; male pores present on segment 15 (rarely segment 13); female pores on segment 14; eight setae per segment in regular longitudinal ranks.

Lumbricidae
    |--Eumenescolex proclitellatus Pérez-Onteniente & Rodríguez-Babío 2004 F05
    |--Spermophorodrilus albanianus Bouché 1975 S90
    |--Helodrilus J31
    |    |--H. constrictus [=Bimastus constrictus] J31
    |    `--H. roseus F92
    |--Eiseniella S90
    |    |--E. intermedius Jackson 1931 J31
    |    `--E. tetraedra (Savigny 1826) S90 [=Helodrilus (Eiseniella) tetraedrus M13]
    |--Eisenoides S90
    |    |--E. carolinensis (Michaelsen 1910) S90
    |    `--E. lonnbergi (Michaelsen 1894) S90
    |--Proctodrilus H09
    |    |--P. antipai (Michaelsen 1881) H09
    |    `--P. tuberculatus (Černosvitov 1935) H09
    |--Octolasion S90
    |    |--O. cyaneum (Savigny 1826) S90
    |    |--O. lacteum (Örley 1881) H09
    |    `--O. tyrtaeum (Savigny 1826) S90
    |--Dendrobaena S90
    |    |--D. mammalis (Savigny 1826) S90
    |    |--D. octaedra (Savigny 1826) S90
    |    `--D. rubida (Savigny 1826) [=Dendrodrilus rubidus] S90
    |--Allolobophora S90
    |    |--A. australiensis (Fletcher 1886) [=Lumbricus (Allolobophora) australiensis] F86b
    |    |--A. chlorotica (Savigny 1826) S90
    |    |--A. subrubicunda [incl. A. arborea] R89
    |    `--A. turgida G62
    |--Eisenia S90
    |    |--E. andrei Bouché 1972 RP07
    |    |--E. eiseni (Levinsen 1884) [=Lumbricus eiseni] S90
    |    |--E. fetida (Savigny 1826) S90 [=Allobophora foetidus J31, E. foetida S90]
    |    |--E. hortensis (Michaelsen 1890) S90
    |    |--E. rosea (Savigny 1826) S90 [=Aporrectodea rosea GH91]
    |    `--E. zebra Michaelsen 1902 S90
    |--Lumbricus Linnaeus 1758 L58
    |    |--L. castaneus (Savigny 1826) S90
    |    |--L. festivus (Savigny 1826) S90
    |    |--L. novaehollandiae Kinberg 1866 F86a
    |    |--L. olidus F86a
    |    |--L. orthostichon F86a
    |    |--L. rubellus Hoffmeister 1843 S90
    |    `--L. terrestris Linnaeus 1758 S90
    |--Aporrectodea S90
    |    |--A. caliginosa (Savigny 1826) S90 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--A. icterica (Savigny 1826) S90
    |    |--A. limicola (Michaelsen 1890) S90
    |    |--A. longa (Ude 1885) S90
    |    |--A. muldali (Omodeo 1956) S90
    |    |--A. trapezoides (Dugès 1828) S90 (see below for synonymy)
    |    `--A. tuberculata (Eisen 1874) S90
    `--Bimastos S90
         |--B. beddardi (Michaelsen 1894) S90
         |--B. gieseleri (Ude 1895) S90
         |--B. heimburgeri Smith 1928 S90
         |--B. longicinctus Smith & Gittins 1915 S90
         |--B. palustris Moore 1893 S90
         |--B. parvus (Eisen 1874) S90 [=Helodrilus parvus J31]
         |--B. tumidus (Eisen 1874) S90
         |--B. welchi (Smith 1917) S90
         `--B. zeteki Smith & Gittins 1915 S90

Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny 1826) S90 [=Allolobophora caliginosa S90, Helodrilus (Allolobophora) caliginosus J31, M07; incl. Aporrectodea turgida (Eisen 1873) S90]

Aporrectodea trapezoides (Dugès 1828) S90 [=Lumbricus trapezoides MR99, Allolobopora trapezoides MR99, Helodrilus (Allolobophora) caliginosus f. trapezioides M13]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[F92] Fan Z. 1992. Key to the Common Flies of China 2^nd ed. Science Press: Beijing.

[F05] Fernández, J. 2005. Noticia de nuevos táxones para la ciencia en el ámbito Íbero-Balear y Macaronésico. Nuevos táxones animales descritos en la península Ibérica y Macaronesia desde 1994 (IX). Graellsia 61 (2): 261–282.

[F86a] Fletcher, J. J. 1886a. Notes on Australian earthworms. Part I. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (2): 523–574, pls 8–9.

[F86b] Fletcher, J. J. 1886b. Notes on Australian earthworms. Part II. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (3): 943–973, pl. 13.

[G62] Gates, G. E. 1962. Miscellanea megadrilogica. V–VI. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 75: 137–144.

[GH91] Gjelstrup, P., & N. B. Hendriksen. 1991. Histiostoma murchiei Hughes & Jackson (Anoetidae) as a parasite in the cocoons of some Danish earthworms. In: Schuster, R., & P. W. Murphy (eds) The Acari: Reproduction, development and life-history strategies pp. 441–445. Chapman & Hall: London.

[H09] Höser, N. 2009. Die Regenwurmfauna (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) in zwei Querschnitten durch die Aue der Pleiße bei Windischleuba. Mauritiana 20 (3): 579–586.

[J31] Jackson, A. 1931. The Oligochaeta of south-western Australia. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 17: 71–136.

[L58] Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii: Holmiae.

[M07] Michaelsen, W. 1907. Oligochaeta. Die Fauna Südwest-Australiens 1 (2): 115–232, 2 pls.

[M13] Michaelsen, W. 1913. Die Oligochäten von Neu-Caledonien und den benachbarten Inselgruppen. In: Sarasin, F., & J. Roux (eds) Nova Caledonia: Forschungen in Neu-Caledonian und auf den Loyalty-Inseln. A. Zoologie vol. 1 pt 3 pp. 173–280. C. W. Kreidels Verlag: Wiesbaden.

[MR99] Mischis, C. C. de, & G. Righi. 1999. Contribution to knowledge of the oligochaete fauna (Annelida, Oligochaeta) from Argentina. Gayana 63 (2): 63–65.

[R89] Rosa, D. 1889. I lombrichi della Spedizione Antarctica Italiana del 1882. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 137–146.

[RP07] Rousset, V., F. Pleijel, G. W. Rouse, C. Erséus & M. E. Siddall. 2007. A molecular phylogeny of annelids. Cladistics 23: 41–63.

[S90] Schwert, D. P. 1990. Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae. In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide pp. 341–356. John Wiley & Sones: New York.